Author Archives: admin

Mao Zedong’s Letter to Comrade Jiang Qing

By | 04/05/2026

Jiang Qing:

Your letter from June 29th has been received. It would be best if you listened to the opinions of omrades Wei and Chen, and stay there a bit longer.1 This month I have two appointments to receive foreign visitors. After this is completed, I will tell you my plans.2

I stayed in a cave3 in the west for over ten days after leaving Wu Lin4 on June 15. Information wasn’t so available there. On the 28th I arrived at the place of a white cloud and yellow crane.5 It has already been ten days. Every day I look at material. It is all very interesting. From great chaos under heaven arises order under heaven. Every seven or eight years it happens again. The monsters and demons jump out on their own. Their actions are entirely determined by their own class nature, it is impossible for them not to jump out.

My friend’s [Lin Biao’s] speech6 — the Central Committee is urging to publish it. And I plan to agree to publish it. His speech was devoted specifically to the subject of coups. On this question, there has been no such talk in the past. Some of his methods always leave me unsettled.

I have never believed that those booklets of mine have that sort of magical power. Now if he praises to the sky, the whole party and country do so too.7 It is like Wang Po selling melons, selling them and praising them.8 I have been forced by them to ascend Liang Mountain.9 It seems it won’t do to disagree with them.

To agree with others on big questions despite my inclinations — this is the first time in my life [I have done so]. This is what is called something that is not determined by human will.

Ruan Ji10 of the Jin Dynasty objected to Liu Bang.11 He [Ruan] went from Luoyang to Chenggong, and proclaimed “The lack of heroes in the world allows those without ability to gain fame.” Lu Xun once said the same thing about his own essays.12 I am of the same mind as Lu Xun. I like that sort of frankness of his. He said he would dissect13 himself more severely than when dissecting others. After having taken several spills, I also tend to do as he did. But comrades generally don’t believe [in doing so]. I am confident, but also have a certain lack of confidence.

In my youth I once said that I believed I would live 200 years, and ride the waves for 3,000 li.14 I seemed to be quite arrogant. But I doubt myself, and overall believe that like in a mountain without tigers, the monkey is called a king, and I also became this sort of king. But this [contradictory assessment] is not [a form of] eclecticism.15 I have something of a tiger’s nature, this is primary, I also have something of a monkey’s nature, second in importance to that. I once brought forward the several lines Li Gu of the late Han Dynasty [(221—206 BC)] wrote to Huang Qiong, “What is tall is easily broken, what is pure is easily stained. Those who are able to perform the ‘White Snow in Spring’16 are quite few in number. When one is famous, it is difficult to match one’s reputation.” The last two phrases really refer to me.

I once read these lines at one of the meetings of the standing committee of the politburo. It is important to know oneself. In April of this year at the Hangzhou Conference, I expressed my difference with that sort of pronouncement [of Lin Biao’s].17 But what was the use? When he went to Beijing, at the May conference [of 1966], he still spoke that way, and the press even more fiercely so, simply exaggerating to the point of fantasy. As such, I could only ascend Liang Mountain.18 I guess their real intention is to use a Zhong Kui19 to attack ghosts, I truly have served as the Communist Party’s Zhong Kui in the 60’s of the 20th century.20

Objects all must go towards [their] opposite side. The more the praise, the heavier the fall. I am preparing to fall and be broken to pieces. That is no worry. Matter cannot be destroyed, but it is shattered into pieces. The whole world has over 100 [communist] parties. Most of the parties don’t believe in Marxism-Leninism. [These] people have also beaten Marx and Lenin into pieces, so what of us?21 I urge you to pay attention to this question. Do not become dizzy in your head from victory. Frequently think of your weaknesses, shortcomings, and mistakes.

I have talked with you about this question so many times that I don’t know the count. You do still remember, that in April, in Shanghai this was discussed as well.

The above writing, often has what approaches black words. Do not some anti-party elements speak in just this sort of way? But they want to completely defeat our party and myself. I am but speaking in regard to my own role — about which I think there are a few formulations that are not reasonable.22 This is the difference between me and the black gang.

This matter can not be made public at present. The entire left and the broad masses all are speaking in this way.23 Making it public would pour cold water on them, and help the right. And the present task is for the entire party and country to achieve a general defeat (it can not be a complete one) of the right, and then in seven or eight years to have another movement for sweeping away the monsters and demons, and after there will for more sweeping. Therefore, these nearly black words of mine cannot be made public now. When they will be made public cannot be ascertained at present, because the left and the broad masses do not welcome this sort of talk. Perhaps on some occasion after I die, when the right comes to power, it will be made public through them. They will use this sort of method of talking of mine to attempt to forever raise the black flag.24 But in doing so they then will suffer.

In China, since the overthrow of the emperor in 1911, no reactionary has been able to stay in power long. The one who ruled longest (Chiang Kai-shek) did so for only 20 years, but he, too, fell once the people rose in revolt. Chiang Kai-shek climbed to power by taking advantage of Sun Yat-sen’s trust in him and by running the Whampoa Academy and gathering a big bunch of reactionaries around him. As soon as he turned against the Communist Party, practically the whole landlord class and bourgeoisie came to his support. Moreover, the Communist Party was inexperienced at the time. So, he gleefully gained ascendancy for a while. In those 20 years, however, he never achieved unification. There were the war between the Nationalist and the Communist parties, the wars between the Nationalist Party and the various warlord cliques, the Sino-Japanese war and, finally, the four years of large-scale civil war, which sent him scampering off to a cluster of islands. If the Rightists stage an anti-Communist coup d’etat in China, I am sure they will know no peace either and their rule will most probably be short-lived because it will not be tolerated by the revolutionaries, who represent the interests of the people making up more than 90 per cent of the population.

This time, the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, is a serious maneuver. There are some regions (for example Beijing) where things are deep-rooted, and where things toppled within a day. In some apparatuses, (for example, Peking University, Tsinghua University), tree roots are intermixed together25 and there was a quick collapse. Wherever the rightists are arrogant, they are defeated and then their downfall is even more miserable, and the left then gains in strength. This is a nationwide maneuver in which the left, right, and wavering unstable middle factions, all will acquire their own respective lessons. The conclusion is still the two familiar comments: The future is bright; the road is tortuous.

Mao Zedong
July 8, 1966

Footnotes
  1. This refers to Wei Wenbo (魏文伯) and Chen Pixian (陈丕显), members of the conservative revisionist camp in Shanghai. Wei was secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and secretary of the Eastern China Bureau of the CCP. Chen was the first secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and secretary of the Eastern China Bureau of the Party Central Committee, and the first political commissar of the Shanghai Garrison District Command. In 1967 they were overthrown by the masses’ rebel organizations.
  2. Copies of this letter examined do not have paragraph breaks. The paragraph breaks in this translation were added by the translator.
  3. Referring to the Water-Dripping Cave (dishui dong 滴水洞) in Mao’s hometown of Shaoshan, Hunan.
  4. A historical name for Hangzhou.
  5. A reference to Wuhan, known for its famed Yellow Crane Tower, from the Tang poem by Cui Hao (崔颢), “Once gone, the yellow crane will never on earth alight; Only white clouds still float in vain from year to year” (白云千载空悠悠 / 黄鹤一去不复返).
  6. My friend’s [Lin Biao’s] speech” refers to Lin Biao’s so-called “Lecture on the Scriptures on the Coup d’etat” at the meeting of the Politburo on May 18, 1966, which focused on coups in both modern and ancient times, in China and abroad. Chairman Mao pointed out that Lin Biao relied on the forged On Distinguishing Traitors [Bianjie Lun 辨奸论, a Song Dynasty Text] to start with. In this speech Lin Biao said “Coup d’etats are now a trend, a worldwide trend. The change of political power generally occurs in the following ways: One is a people’s revolution, which is a rebellion from the bottom. Such [cases] as Chen Sheng (陈胜), Wu Guang (吴广), the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and our Communist Party were like this; One is a counter-revolutionary coup. Most of the counter-revolutionary coups are palace coups. Coups emerge internally, some are combined with subversive activities or with armed offensives of foreign enemies, and some are combined with natural disasters, massive bombings, chaos, and riots. In history things were like this, and it is the same now… There is such a saying in On Distinguishing Traitors in The Finest of Ancient Prose: ‘You can know the work when you see the smallest sign. Wind follows the appearance of a halo around the moon, and rain follows the moisture on the foundation of a building.’ There are signs in advanced of bad things. Any essential thing is reflected by phenomena. Recently, there have been many conspiracies and intrigues that need to be paid attention to. There may be counter-revolutionary coups, murders, the usurpation of power, bourgeois restoration, and the subversion of socialism.” We can see that Lin Biao used the forged On Distinguishing Traitors (forged by landlord class Confucians to attack the Legalist Wang Anshi during the Song Dynasty) as his theoretical basis, metaphysically listing examples of coups from throughout history and then idealistically concluding that coups are a broad historical trend of world history. He distorted the history of class struggle, presenting it as a history of struggles for power among the few within the ruling class, thus promoting historical idealism. During the Criticize Confucius, Criticize Lin Biao campaign, several articles analyzed this issue. In 1972 it was discovered that Lin Biao’s collection of coups, ancient and modern, at home and abroad, was also used for preparing his own counter-revolutionary coup. Lin Liguo, Lin Biao’s son, concocted the counter-revolutionary coup plan Outline of the Project “571”. Lin preached in his speeches that, “With political power, everything will be gained. Without political power, everything will be lost.” “Power is the power to suppress.” Relatedly, Chairman Mao also statedThe correctness or otherwise of the ideological and political line decides everything. When the Party’s line is correct, then everything will come its way. If it has no followers, then it can have followers; if it has no guns, then it can have guns; if it has no political power, then it can have political power. If its line is not correct, even what it has it may lose. The line is a net rope. When it is pulled, the whole net opens out.AndGoing against the tide is a Marxist-Leninist principle”, (fan chaoliu shi Mao Lie zhuyi de yige yuanze 反潮流是马列主义的一个原 则.
  7. For examples of Mao’s many repudiations of this practice, see the translation of “A Few Opinions of Mine” on Bannedthought.net regarding Mao’s criticisms of Chen Boda and Lin Biao’s “genius theory.” See also “Central Committee Document Series 67, Number 219, July 5, 1967” on Bannedthought.net regarding the attempts of Chairman Mao and the Central Committee to restrain the mass production of statues and other symbols of Chairman Mao during the GPCR.
  8. An allegory expressing the idea of “tooting one’s own horn.”
  9. A reference to the righteous outlaws who dwell in Liang Mountain, from the Chinese classic, Water Margin (Shui Hu Zhuan 水浒传).
  10. A famed scholar of the Jin Dynasty (265–419 AD).
  11. Liu Bang was the first emperor of the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD), and folk-hero.
  12. Lu Xun referenced this line in the afterword to his work Let’s Speak of the Wind and Moon (Zhun feng yue tan 准风月谈) when discussing the acclaim generated by his writings: “Time passes one day after another, and big and small things also pass alongside. Before long, they disappear from our memory. What’s more, such things are all scattered, hence from my own perspective I really don’t know how many things I have not perceived, and not known. And yet about such matters I wrote down ten or so essays, added some parallels, and also made use of an ‘afterword’ in order to patch up the resulting clashes. At the same time, when projected onto current affairs, the patterns of the events observed were minimal. So should an impression or two also be described? Furthermore, now there are very few authors who dare to lower themselves enough to gaze on the respected faces of Shakespeare and Tolstoy, to look into the shadows and write a few lines. As a result I want more – so to preserve my mixed feelings and in doing so allow them to exist to a greater extent. Although the result is I receive more disdain from people, under siege more growth is achieved. Alas, ‘the lack of heroes in the world allows those without ability to gain fame,’ this is something I and China’s literary works should be indignant about.
  13. Jiepou (解剖), i.e. to analyze.
  14. A reference to the philosopher Zhuangzi’s tale of a mythical kun fish, that desired to see the world, and transformed into the mythical peng bird, who saw distant seas. Li is a form of Chinese measurement, equivalent to about .5 kilometers. Mao wrote this line in a 7-character poetic fragment in 1916.
  15. This relates to Chairman Mao’s dialectic of “one divides into two” as opposed to revisionist eclecticism of two divides into one. The critique of Liu Shaoqi and Yang Xianzhen’s “two divides into one” theory was an important achievement of the GPCR.
  16. Yangchun baixue 阳春白雪, a notoriously difficult song to perform from the state of Chu.
  17. This refers to Lin’s actions, including his promotion of the Quotations of Chairman Mao Tsetung (known in the west as the Little Red Book), and Lin’s “Genius Theory” in which he referred to Mao as a genius that only comes around every few thousand years.
  18. Ascending to Liang Mountain refers to the classic work Water Margin, in which the only recourse of the tale’s outlaws is to join a rebel army on Liang Mountain.
  19. Zhong Kui (鍾馗) is a figure in Chinese mythology and folk religion who vanquishes ghosts. His face is often painted on gates and doors to prevent evil spirits from passing through, much like a scarecrow, but for ghosts.
  20. In Lin Biao’s counter-revolutionary “Project 571 Outline,” for his coup attempt, Lin talked about the counter-revolutionary strategy “Defeating the forces of B-52 under the banner of B-52,” (B-52 is what Lin’s son, Lin Liguo used to disparagingly refer to Chairman Mao). We see here an example of the way the revisionists tried to make use of the theme of Zhong Kui in their plots.
  21. I.e. forget about what will happen to us, look what they have done already, even to Marx and Lenin!
  22. This refers to formulations related to the practice of “praising to the sky,” described earlier in this letter.
  23. Including the promotion of the use of the Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung.
  24. Referring to Mao’s comments that “Objects all must go towards [their] opposite side… The more the praise, the heavier the fall. I am preparing to fall and be broken to pieces. That is no worry. Matter cannot be destroyed, but it is shattered into pieces. The whole world has over 100 [communist] parties. Most of the parties don’t believe in Marxism-Leninism. [These] people have also beaten Marx and Lenin into pieces, so what of us?
  25. Meaning a difficult and confused situation.

“Self-reliance, Adequate Clothing, and Enough to Eat!”

By | 03/27/2026

On the ancient wall encircling Yenan he had inscribed in charcoal:

Self-reliance, Adequate Clothing, and Enough to Eat!

Develop the Economy and Provide for Military Defense!

By Self-sufficiency, We Will Build a Flourishing Border Area in the Northwest!

With a Hoe over One Shoulder and a Rifle over the Other We Will Become Self-sufficient in Production and Protect the Party’s Central Committee!

Summary of the Forum on the Work in Literature And Art in the Armed Forces With Which Comrade Lin Piao Entrusted Comrade Chiang Ching

By | 03/21/2026

Entrusted by Comrade Lin Piao with the task, Comrade Chiang Ching invited some comrades in the armed forces to a forum held in Shanghai from February 2 to 20, 1966, to discuss certain questions concerning the work in literature and art in the armed forces.

Before these comrades left for Shanghai, Comrade Lin Piao gave them the following instructions: “Comrade Chiang Ching talked with me yesterday. She is very sharp politically on questions of literature and art, and she really knows art. She has many opinions, and they are very valuable. You should pay good attention to them and take measures to insure that they are applied ideologically and organizationally. From now on, the army’s documents concerning literature and art should be sent to her. Get in touch with her when you have any information for her to keep her well posted on the situation in literary and art work in the armed forces. Ask her for her opinions, which will help improve this work. We should not rest content with either the present ideological level or the present artistic level of such work, both of which need further improvement.” Comrade Hsiao Hua and Comrade Yang Cheng-wu expressed enthusiastic approval of and support for the forum and instructed us to act in accordance with Comrade Chiang Ching’s opinions. They also expressed their thanks to Comrade Chiang Ching for her concern for the work in literature and art in the armed forces.

At the beginning of the forum and in the course of the exchange of views, Comrade Chiang Ching said time and again that she had not studied Chairman Mao’s works well enough and that her comprehension of Chairman Mao’s thought was not profound, but that whatever points she had grasped she would act upon resolutely. She said that during the last four years she had largely concentrated on reading a number of literary works and had formed certain ideas, not all of which were necessarily correct. She said that we were all Party members and that for the cause of the Party we should discuss things together on an equal footing. This discussion should have been held last year but had been postponed because she had not been in good health. As her health had recently improved, she had invited the comrades to join in discussions according to Comrade Lin Piao’s instructions.

Comrade Chiang Ching suggested that we read and see a number of items first and then study relevant documents and material before discussing them. She advised us to read Chairman Mao’s relevant writings, had eight private discussions with, a comrade from the army and attended four group discussions, 13 film shows and three theatrical performances together with us. She also exchanged opinions with us while watching the films and the theatrical performances. And she advised us to see 21 other films. During this period, Comrade Chiang Ching saw a sample copy of the film The Great Wall Along the South China Sea, received the directors, cameramen and part of the cast and talked with them three times, which was a great education and inspiration to them. From our contacts with Comrade Chiang Ching we realize that her understanding of Chairman Mao’s thought is quite profound and that she has made a prolonged and fairly full investigation and study of current problems in the field of literature and art and has gained rich practical experience through her personal exertions in cultivating “experimental plots of land.” Taking up her work while she was still in poor health, she held discussions and saw films and theatrical performances together with us and was always modest, warm and sincere. All this has enlightened and helped us a great deal.

In the course of about 20 days, we read two of Chairman Mao’s writings and other relevant material, listened to Comrade Chiang Ching’s many highly important opinions and saw more than 30 films, including good and bad ones and others with shortcomings and mistakes of varying degrees. We also saw two comparatively successful Peking operas on contemporary revolutionary themes, namely, Raid on the hite Tiger Regiment and Taking the Bandits’ Stronghold. All this helped to deepen our comprehension of Chairman Mao’s thought on literature and art and raise the level of our understanding of the socialist cultural revolution. Here are a number of ideas which we discussed and agreed upon at the forum.

  1. The last 16 years have witnessed sharp class struggles on the cultural front.

    Actually in both stages of our revolution, the new-democratic stage and the socialist stage, there has been a struggle between the two classes and the two lines on the cultural front, that is, the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie for leadership on this front. In the history of our Party, the struggle against both “Left” and Right opportunism has also included struggles between the two lines on the cultural front. Wang Ming’s line represented bourgeois thinking which was once rampant within our Party. In the rectification movement which started in 1942, Chairman Mao made a thorough theoretical refutation first of Wang Ming’s political, military and organizational lines and then, immediately afterwards, of the cultural line he represented. Chairman Mao’s “On New Democracy,” “Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art,” and “Letter to the Yenan Peking Opera Theatre After Seeing ‘Driven to Join the Liangshan Mountain Rebels’,” are the most complete, the most comprehensive and the most systematic historical summaries of this struggle between the two lines on the cultural front. They carry on and develop the Marxist- Leninist world outlook and theory on literature and art. After our revolution entered the socialist stage, Chairman Mao’s two writings, “On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People” and “Speech at the Chinese Communist Party’s National Conference on Propaganda Work,” were published. They are the most recent summaries of the historical experience of the movements for a revolutionary ideology and a revolutionary literature and art in China and other countries. They represent a new development of the Marxist-Leninist world outlook and of the Marxist-Leninist theory on literature and art. These five writings by Chairman Mao meet the needs of the proletariat adequately and for a long time to come.

    More than 20 years have elapsed since the publication of the first three of these five works by Chairman Mao and nearly ten years since the publication of the last two. However, since the founding of our People’s Republic, the ideas in these works have basically not been carried out by literary and art circles. Instead, we have been under the dictatorship of a black anti-Party and anti-socialist line which is diametrically opposed to Chairman Mao’s thought. This black line is a combination of bourgeois ideas on literature and art modern revisionist ideas on literature and art and what is known as the literature and art of the 1930s (in the Kuomintang areas of China). Typical expressions of this line are such theories as those of “truthful writing,” “the broad path of realism,” “the deepening of realism,” opposition to “subject-matter as the decisive factor,” “middle characters,” opposition to “the smell of gunpowder” and “the spirit of the age as the merging of various trends.” Most of these views were refuted long ago by Chairman Mao in his “Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art.” In film circles there are people who advocate “discarding the classics and rebelling against orthodoxy,” in other words, discarding the classics of Marxism-Leninism, of Mao Tse-tung’s thought, and rebelling against the orthodoxy of people’s revolutionary war. As a result of the influence or domination of this bourgeois and modern revisionist counter-current in literature and art, there have been few good or basically good works in the last decade or so (although there have been some) which truly praise worker, peasant and soldier heroes and which serve the workers, peasants and soldiers; many are mediocre, while some are anti-Party and anti-socialist poisonous weeds. In accordance with the instructions of the Central Committee of the Party, we must resolutely carry on a great socialist revolution on the cultural front and completely eliminate this black line. After we are rid of this black line, still others will appear and the struggle must go on. Therefore, this is an arduous, complex and long-term struggle which will take decades, or even centuries. It is a cardinal issue which has a vital bearing on the future of the Chinese revolution and the future of the world revolution.

    A lesson to be drawn from the last decade or so is that we began to tackle the problem a little late. We have taken up only a few specific questions and have not dealt with the whole problem systematically and comprehensively. So long as we do not seize hold of the field of culture, we will inevitably forfeit many positions in this field to the black line and this is a serious lesson. After the Tenth Plenary Session of the Central Committee in 1962 adopted a resolution on the unfolding of class struggle throughout the country, the struggle to foster proletarian ideology and liquidate bourgeois ideology in the cultural field has gradually developed.

  2. The last three years have seen a new situation in the great socialist cultural revolution. The most outstanding example is the rise of Peking operas on contemporary revolutionary themes. Led by the Central Committee of the Party, headed by Chairman Mao, and armed with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-tung’s thought, literary and art workers engaged in revolutionizing Peking opera have launched a heroic and tenacious offensive against the literature and art of the feudal class, the bourgeoisie and the modern revisionists. Under the irresistible impact of this offensive, Peking opera, formerly the most stubborn of strongholds, has been radically revolutionized, both in ideology and in form, which has started a revolutionary change in literary and art circles. Peking operas with contemporary revolutionary themes like The Red Lantern, Shachiapang, Taking the Bandits’ Stronghold and Raid on the White Tiger Regiment, the ballet Red Detachment of Women, the symphony Shachiapang and the group of clay sculptures Rent Collection Courtyard have been approved by the broad masses of workers, peasants and soldiers and acclaimed by Chinese and foreign audiences. They are pioneer efforts which will exert a profound and far-reaching influence on the socialist cultural revolution. They effectively prove that even that most stubborn of strongholds, Peking opera, can be taken by storm and revolutionized and that foreign classical art forms such as the ballet and symphonic music can also be remoulded to serve our purpose. This should give us still greater confidence in revolutionizing other art forms. Some people say that Peking operas with contemporary revolutionary themes have discarded the traditions and basic skills of Peking opera. On the contrary, the fact is that Peking operas with contemporary revolutionary themes have inherited the Peking opera traditions in a critical way and have really weeded out the old to let the new emerge. The fact is not that the basic skills of Peking opera have been discarded but that they are no longer adequate. Those which cannot be used to reflect present-day life should and must be discarded. In order to reflect present-day life, we urgently need to refine, create, and gradually develop and enrich the basic skills of Peking opera through our experience of real life. At the same time, these successes deal a powerful blow at conservatives of various descriptions and such views as the “box-office earnings” theory, the “foreign exchange earnings” theory and the theory that “revolutionary works can’t travel abroad.”

    Another outstanding feature of the socialist cultural revolution in the last three years is the widespread mass activity of workers, peasants and soldiers on the fronts of ideology, literature and art. Workers, peasants and soldiers are now producing many fine philosophical articles which splendidly express Mao Tse-tung’s thought in terms of their own practice. They are also producing many fine works of literature and art in praise of the triumph of our socialist revolution, the big leap forward on all the fronts of socialist construction, our new heroes, and the brilliant leadership of our great Party and our great leader. In particular, both in content and in form the numerous poems by workers, peasants and soldiers appearing on wall-newspapers and blackboards represent an entirely new age.

    Of course, these are merely the first fruits of our socialist cultural revolution, the first step in cur long march of ten thousand li. In order to safeguard and extend these achievements and to carry the socialist cultural revolution through to the end, we must work hard for a long time.

  3. The struggle between the two roads on the front of literature and art is bound to be reflected in the armed forces, which do not exist in a vacuum and cannot possibly be an exception to the rule. The Chinese People’s Liberation Army is the chief instrument of the dictatorship of the proletariat in China. It represents the mainstay and hope of the Chinese people and the revolutionary people of the world. Without a people’s army, neither the victory of our revolution nor the dictatorship of the proletariat and socialism would have been possible and the people would have nothing. Therefore, the enemy will inevitably try to undermine it from all sides and will inevitably use literature and art as weapons in his attempt to corrupt it ideologically. However, after Chairman Mao pointed out that basically, literary and art circles had not carried out the policies of the Party over the past 15 years, certain persons still claimed that the problem of the orientation of literature and art in our armed forces had already been solved, and that the problem to be solved was mainly one of raising the artistic level. This point of view is wrong and is not based on concrete analysis. In point of fact, some works of literature and art by our armed forces have a correct orientation and have reached a comparatively high artistic level; some have a correct orientation but their artistic level is low; others have serious defects or mistakes in both political orientation and artistic form, and still others are anti-Party and anti-socialist poisonous weeds. The August First Studio has produced as bad a film as the Pressgang. This shows that the work in literature and art in the armed forces has also come under the influence of the black line to a greater or lesser degree. Besides, we have as yet trained relatively few creative workers who are really up to the mark; the ideological problems in creative work are still numerous, and the ranks are still not so pure. We must analyse and solve these problems properly.

  4. The Liberation Army must play an important role in the socialist cultural revolution. Comrade Lin Piao has kept a firm hold on the work in literature and art since he has been in charge of the work of the Military Commission of the Central Committee of the Party. The many instructions he has given are correct. “The Resolution on Strengthening Political and Ideological Work in the Armed Forces” adopted at the enlarged session of the Military Commission clearly specified that the aim of the work in literature and art in the armed forces was “to serve the cause of fostering proletarian ideology and liquidating bourgeois ideology and consolidating and improving fighting capacity in close conjunction with the tasks of the armed forces and in the context of their ideological situation.” There is already a nucleus of literary and art workers in the armed forces whom we have trained and who have been tempered in revolutionary war. A number of good works have been produced in the armed forces. Therefore, the Liberation Army must play its due role in the socialist cultural revolution and must fight bravely and unswervingly to carry out the policy that literature and art should serve the workers, peasants and soldiers and serve socialism.

  5. In the cultural revolution, there must be both destruction and construction. Leaders must take personal charge and see to it that good models are created. The bourgeoisie has its reactionary “monologue on creating the new.” We, too, should create what is new and original, new in the sense that it is socialist and original in the sense that it is proletarian. The basic task of socialist literature and art is to work hard and create heroic models of workers, peasants and soldiers. Only when we have such models and successful experience in creating them will we be able to convince people, to consolidate the positions we hold, and to knock the reactionaries’ stick out of their hands.

    On this question, we should have a sense of pride and not of inferiority.

    We must destroy the blind faith in what is known as the literature and art of the 1930s (in the Kuomintang areas of China). At that time, the Leftwing movement in literature and art followed Wang Ming’s “Left” opportunist line politically; organizationally it practised closed-doorism and sectarianism; and its ideas on literature and art were virtually those of Russian bourgeois literary critics such as Belinsky, Chernyshevsky and Dobrolyubov and of Stanislavsky in the theatrical field, all of whom were bourgeois democrats in tsarist Russia with bourgeois ideas and not Marxist ones. The bourgeois-democratic revolution is a revolution in which one exploiting class replaces another. It is only the proletarian socialist revolution that finally destroys all exploiting classes. Therefore, we must not take the ideas of any bourgeois revolutionary as guiding principles for our proletarian movement in ideology or in literature and art. There were of course good things in the 1930s too, namely, the militant Left-wing movement in literature and art led by Lu Hsun. Around the middle of the 1930s, some Left-wing leaders under the influence of Wang Ming’s Right capitulationist line abandoned the Marxist-Leninist class standpoint and put forward the slogan of “a literature of national defence.” This was a bourgeois slogan. It was Lu Hsun who put forward the proletarian slogan of “a mass literature for the national revolutionary war.” Some Left-wing writers and artists, notably Lu Hsun, also raised the slogans that literature and art should serve the workers and peasants and that the workers and peasants should create their own literature and art. However, no systematic solution was found for the fundamental problem of the integration of literature and art with the workers, peasants and soldiers. The great majority of those Left-wing writers and artists were bourgeois nationalist-democrats, and a number failed to pass the test of the democratic revolution, while others have not given a good account of themselves under the test of socialism.

    We must destroy blind faith in Chinese and foreign classical literature. Stalin was a great Marxist-Leninist. His criticism of the modernist literature and art of the bourgeoisie was very sharp. But he uncritically took over what are known as the classics of Russia and Europe and the consequences were bad. The classical literature and art of China and of Europe (including Russia) and even American films have exercised a considerable influence on our literary and art circles, and some people have regarded them as holy writ and accepted them in their entirety. We should draw a lesson from Stalin’s experience. Old and foreign works should be studied too, and refusal to study them would be wrong; but we must study them critically, making the past serve the present and foreign works serve China.

    As for the relatively good Soviet revolutionary works of literature and art which appeared after the October Revolution, they too must be analysed and not blindly worshipped or, still less, blindly imitated. Blind imitation can never become art. Literature and art can only spring from the life of the people which is their sole source. This is borne out by the whole history of literature and art, past and present, Chinese and foreign.

    The rising forces in the world invariably defeat the forces of decay. Our People’s Liberation Army was weak and small at the beginning, but it eventually became strong and defeated the U.S.-Chiang Kai-shek reactionaries. Confronted with the excellent revolutionary situation at home and abroad and our glorious tasks, we should be proud to be thoroughgoing revolutionaries. We must have the confidence and courage to do things never previously attempted, because ours is a revolution to eliminate all exploiting classes and systems of exploitation once and for all and to root out all exploiting-class ideologies, which poison the minds of the people. Under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Party and Chairman Mao and under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-tung’s thought, we must create a new socialist revolutionary literature and art worthy of our great country, our great Party, our great people and our great army. This will be a most brilliant new literature and art opening up a new era in human history.

    But it is no easy matter to create good models. Strategically we must take the difficulties in creative work lightly, but tactically we must take them seriously. To create a fine work is an arduous process, and the comrades in charge of creative work must never adopt a bureaucratic or casual attitude but must work really hard and share the writers’ and artists’ joys and hardships. It is essential to get first-hand material as far as possible, or when this is impossible at least to get the material at second hand. There should be no fear of failures or mistakes. Allowance should be made for them, and people must be permitted to correct their mistakes. It is necessary to rely on the masses, follow the line of “from the masses, to the masses,” and repeatedly undergo the test of practice over a long period, so that a work may become better and better and achieve the unity of revolutionary political content and the best possible artistic form. In the course of practice it is necessary to sum up experience in good time and gradually grasp the laws of various forms of art. Otherwise, no good models can be created.

    We should give the fullest attention to the themes of socialist revolution and socialist construction, and it would be entirely wrong to ignore them.

    A serious effort should now be made to create works of literature and art about the three great military campaigns of Liaohsi-Shenyang, Huai-Hai and Peiping-Tientsin and other important campaigns while the comrades who led and directed them are still alive. There are many important revolutionary themes, historical and contemporary, on which work urgently needs to be done in a planned and systematic way. A success must be made of the film, The Great Wall Along the South China Sea. The film The Long March must be revised successfully. A nucleus of truly proletarian writers and artists should be trained in the process.

  6. People engaged in the work of literature and art, whether they are leaders or writers and artists, must all practise the Party’s democratic centralism. We favour “rule by the voice of the many” and oppose “rule by the voice of one man alone.” We must follow the mass line. In the past, some people pressed the leadership to nod and applaud when they produced something. This is a very bad style of work. As for the cadres in charge of creative work in literature and art, they should always bear two points in mind: First, be good at listening to the opinions of the broad masses; second, be good at analysing these opinions, accept the right ones and reject the wrong ones. Completely flawless works of literature and art are non-existent, and as long as the keynote of a work is good, we should help improve it by pointing out its shortcomings and errors. Bad works should not be hidden away, but-should be shown to the masses for their comment. We must not be afraid of the masses but should have firm trust in them, and they can give us much valuable advice. Besides, this will improve their powers of discrimination. It costs several hundred thousand or as much as a million yuan to produce a film. To hide a bad film away is wasteful. Why not show it to the public so as to educate writers and artists and the masses and at the same time make up for its cost to the state and thus turn it to good account ideologically and economically? The film Beleaguered City has been shown for a long time but it received no criticism. Shouldn’t the Jiefangjun Bao write an article criticizing it?

  7. We must encourage revolutionary and militant literary and art criticism by the masses, and break the monopoly over literary and art criticism by a few so-called critics (those wrong in orientation and deficient in militancy.) We must place the weapon of literary and art criticism in the hands of the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers and integrate professional critics with critics from among the masses. We must make this criticism more militant and oppose unprincipled vulgar praise. We must reform our style of writing, encourage the writing of short, popular articles, turn our literary and art criticism into daggers and hand-grenades and learn to handle them effectively in close combat. Of course, we must at the same time write longer, systematic articles of theoretical depth. We oppose the use of terminology and jargon to frighten people. Only in this way can we disarm the self-styled literary and art critics. The Jiefangjun Bao and the Jiefangjun Wenyi should set up special columns, regular or occasional, for comment on literature and art. Warm support should be given to good or basically good works and their shortcomings pointed out in a helpful way. And principled criticism must be made of bad works. In the theoretical field, we must thoroughly and systematically criticize typical fallacies on literature and art and the many other fallacies spread by certain people who attempt to falsify history and to boost themselves in such books as the History of the Development of the Chinese Film, A Collection of Historical Data on the Chinese Drama Movement in the Last Fifty Years and A Preliminary Study of the Repertory of Peking Opera. We must not mind being accused of “brandishing the stick.” When some people charge us with over-simplification and crudeness, we must analyse these charges. Some of our criticisms are basically correct but are not sufficiently convincing because our analysis and evidence are inadequate and should be improved. With some people it is a matter of understanding; they start by accusing us of over-simplification and crudeness but eventually drop the charge. But when the enemy condemns our correct criticisms as over-simplified and crude, we must stand firm. Literary and art criticism should become one of our day-to-day tasks, an important method both in the struggle in the field of literature and art and in Party leadership in this field of work. Without correct literary and art criticism it is impossible for creative work to flourish.

  8. In the struggle against foreign revisionism in the field of literature and art, we must not only catch small figures like Chukhrai. We should catch the big ones, catch Sholokhov and dare to tackle him. He is the father of revisionist literature and art. His And Quiet Flows the Don, Virgin Soil Upturned and The Fate of a Man have exercised a big influence on a number of Chinese writers and readers. Shouldn’t the army organize people to study his works and write convincing critical articles containing well-documented analysis? This will have a profound influence in China and the rest of the world. The same thing should be done with similar works by Chinese writers.

  9. As for method, we must combine revolutionary realism with revolutionary romanticism in our creative work, and must not adopt bourgeois critical realism or bourgeois romanticism.

    The fine qualities of the worker, peasant and soldier heroes who have emerged under the guidance of the correct line of the Party are the concentrated expression of the class character of the proletariat. We must work with enthusiasm and do everything possible to create heroic models of workers, peasants and soldiers. We should create typical characters. Chairman Mao has said that “life as reflected in works of literature and art can and ought to be on a higher plane, more intense, more concentrated, more typical, nearer the ideal, and therefore more universal than actual everyday life.” We should not confine ourselves to actual persons and events. Nor should we portray a hero only after he is dead. In fact, there are many more living heroes than dead ones. This means that our writers must concentrate and generalize experience from real life accumulated over a long period of time to create a variety of typical characters.

    When we write about revolutionary wars, we must first be clear about their nature — ours is the side of justice and the enemy’s is the side of injustice. Our works must show our arduous struggles and heroic sacrifices, but must also express revolutionary heroism and revolutionary optimism. While depicting the cruelty of war, we must not exaggerate or glorify its horrors. While depicting the arduousness of the revolutionary struggle, we must not exaggerate or glorify the sufferings involved. The cruelty of a revolutionary war and revolutionary heroism, the arduousness of the revolutionary struggle and revolutionary optimism constitute a unity of opposites, but we must be clear about which is the principal aspect of the contradiction; otherwise, if we make the wrong emphasis, a bourgeois pacifist trend will emerge. Moreover, while depicting our people’s revolutionary war, whether in the stage in which guerrilla warfare was primary and mobile warfare supplementary, or in the stage in which mobile warfare was primary, we must correctly show the relationship between the regular forces, the guerrillas and the people’s militia and between the armed masses and the unarmed masses under the leadership of the Party.

    Regarding the selection of subject-matter, only when we plunge into the thick of life and do a good job of investigation and study can we make the selection properly and correctly. Playwrights should unreservedly plunge into the heat of the struggle for a long period. Directors, actors and actresses, cameramen, painters and composers should also go into the thick of life and make serious investigations and studies. In the past, some works distorted the historical facts, concentrating on the portrayal of erroneous lines instead of the correct line; some described heroic characters who nevertheless invariably violate discipline, or created heroes only to have them die in a contrived tragic ending; other works do not present heroic characters but only “middle” characters who are actually backward people, or caricatures of workers, peasants or soldiers; in depicting the enemy, they fail to expose his class nature as an exploiter and oppressor of the people, and even glamorize him; still others are concerned only with love and romance, pandering to philistine tastes and claiming that love and death are the eternal themes. All such bourgeois and revisionist trash must be resolutely opposed.

  10. Re-educate the cadres in charge of the work of literature and art and reorganize the ranks of writers and artists. For historical reasons, before the whole country was liberated it was rather difficult for us proletarians to train our own workers in literature and art in the areas under enemy rule. Our cultural level was relatively low and our experience limited. Many of our workers in literature and art had received a bourgeois education. In the course of their revolutionary activities in literature and art, some failed to pass the test of enemy persecution and turned traitor, while others failed to resist the corrosive influence of bourgeois ideas and became rotten. In the base areas, we trained a considerable number of revolutionary workers in literature and art. Especially after the publication of the “Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art,” they had the correct orientation, embarked on the path of integration with the workers, peasants and soldiers, and played a positive role in the revolution. The weakness was that, after the country was liberated and we entered the big cities, many comrades failed to resist the corrosion of bourgeois ideology in the ranks of our writers and artists, with the result that some of them have fallen out in the course of advance. Ours is the literature and art of the proletariat, the literature and art of the Party. The principle of proletarian Party spirit is the outstanding feature distinguishing us from other classes. It must be understood that representatives of other classes also have their principle of party spirit, and that they are very stubborn too. We must firmly adhere to the principle of proletarian Party spirit and combat the corrosion of bourgeois ideology in creative thinking, in organizational line and in style of work. As for bourgeois ideology, we must draw a clear line of demarcation and must on no account enter into peaceful coexistence with it. A variety of problems now exist in literary and art circles which, for most people, are problems of ideological understanding and of raising such understanding through education. We must earnestly study Chairman Mao’s works, creatively study and apply them, tie up what we learn from them with our own thinking and practice and study them with specific problems in mind. Only in this way can we really understand, grasp and master Chairman Mao’s thought. We must plunge into the thick of life for a long period of time, integrate ourselves with the workers, peasants and soldiers to raise our class consciousness, remould our ideology and wholeheartedly serve the people without any regard for personal fame or gain. It is necessary to teach our comrades to study Marxism-Leninism and Chairman Mao’s works and to remain revolutionary all their lives, and pay special attention to the maintenance of proletarian integrity in later life, which is not at all easy.

By taking part in the forum, we have acquired a relatively clear understanding of all the questions mentioned above, and our opinions on them now correspond with the realities in the work in literature and art among the armed forces. As a result, the level of our political consciousness has been raised, and our determination to carry out the socialist cultural revolution and our sense of responsibility in this respect have likewise been strengthened. We will continue to study Chairman Mao’s works conscientiously, make serious investigations and studies and do well in our cultivation of “experimental plots” and the production of good models, so as to take the lead in the current struggle of the cultural revolution to foster proletarian ideology and liquidate bourgeois ideology.

Last letter to Jiang Qing

By | 03/18/2026

You have been wronged. Today we are separating into two worlds. May each keep his peace. These few words may be my last message to you. Human life is limited, but revolution knows no bounds. In the struggle of the past ten years I have tried to reach the peak of revolution, but I was not successful. But you could reach the top. If you fail, you will plunge into a fathomless abyss. Your body will shatter. Your bones will break.

Shaoshan Revisited

By | 03/15/2026

Like a dim dream recalled, I curse the long-fled past–
My native soil two and thirty years gone by.
The red flag roused the serf, halberd in hand,
While the despot’s black talons held his whip aloft.
Bitter sacrifice strengthens bold resolve
Which dares to make sun and moon shine in new skies.
Happy, I see wave upon wave of paddy and beans,
And all around heroes home-bound in the evening mist.

We Must Be Chairman Mao’s Good Pupils All Our Lives

By | 03/04/2026

Dear Fellow Students and Comrades,

We are all pupils of Chairman Mao. We have spent six days studying together Chairman Mao’s brilliant work Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art. We have studied it extremely conscientiously; we have truly been studying it respectfully and earnestly.

What we have learnt has been turned into the “Message of Salute to Chairman Mao” and the “Call to All Revolutionary and Progressive Writers of Asia, Africa and the World.” These may be considered as our “graduation” theses, and our closing session tonight a “graduation” ceremony.

We are very happy to have here with us leading comrades of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and of the Cultural Revolution Group directly under the Party’s Central Committee, and leading comrades in other departments concerned. Comrades Chou En-lai, Chen Po-ta, Kang Sheng, Hsieh Fu-chih, Chiang Ching, Hsiao Hua, Yang Cheng-wu, Wang Li, Kuan Feng, Chi Pen-yu, Mu Hsin, Yeh Chun, Wang Tung-hsing and other comrades, attending our graduation ceremony although they all must be busy doing many things. What is more, Comrade Chi Pen-yu has given us a very enlightening report. All this is a great encouragement to us. and we must extend our heartfelt thanks to them.

Meanwhile, we must also congratulate one another on the great success we have achieved in this seminar of studying Chairman Mao’s works.

Comrades and fellow students,

We have concluded our seminar, but we have not come to the end of our study. After learning, it is imperative- to apply what we have learnt, to put it into practice. There is no limit to learning; it will go on throughout our lives.

Chairman Mao teaches us: “If we have a correct theory hut merely prate about it, pigeonhole it and do not put it into practice, then that theory, however good, is of no significance.
Chairman Mao also says, “Reading is learning, but applying is also learning and the more important kind of learning at that. … It is often not a matter of first leaning and then doing, but of doing and then learning, for doing is itself learning.

It is one of the important features of the great thought of Mao Tse-tung to lay stress on practice and on the unity between words and deeds. Chairman Mao himself is a practitioner of this great thought. It is through constant practice and fighting that Chairman Mao has vigorously advanced the Chinese and world revolution and has developed Marxism-Leninism to the present completely new stage.

We must therefore learn from Chairman Mao’s spirit of putting things into practice if we want to be his good pupils. This spirit can be called the “Shao-shan Spirit,” the “Yenan Spirit,” the “Spirit of the Long March,” and the “Spirit of the Chingkang Mountains.” We must put this spirit into practice, popularize it and penetratingly grasp it. We must be men of action and must not be empty talkers. We must promptly put into practice what we have learnt, and urgently learn when we have to practise. Only in so doing can we learn and apply creatively.
We have already mentioned these ideas in our “Message of Salute” and the “Call.” The main purpose of raising this point again is to urge myself to go on. I am an old pupil of Chairman Mao’s. But I am poor in both learning and in applying his works; not creative in learning, still less creative in applying. I hope that you, my fellow students, will always give me help and advice so that I may be able to catch up with you to advance continuously.

Comrades and fellow students,

During the six days of study and discussion, more than 30 fellow students have said all there was to say. There is nothing else I can add. All in all, our seminar is the first international meeting of its kind in popularizing Mao Tse-tung’s thought, and it is a successful meeting at that. It is something for us to remember. I wrote a poem last night to express my deep feelings. Allow me to read out this sketchy poem and dedicate it to Comrade Chiang Ching, and also to the other comrades and fellow students present here.

Over 80 of Chairman Mao’s pupils from 34 countries on six continents,
Hold aloft the infinitely brilliant torch illuminating our way –
Chairman Mao’s “Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art”
Lighting up the inner-most thoughts of us all,
Lighting up the road forward for revolutionary Afro-Asian literature and art.
We must wholeheartedly act according to Chairman Mao’s directives,
Serve the workers, peasants and soldiers throughout our lives
And transform the subjective and objective world.
Strike down U.S. imperialism, Soviet revisionism, and all reactionaries,
And reverse the reversal of the history of mankind.
Never shall we be unworthy of the great red epoch of Mao Tse-tung.

Dear Comrade Chiang Ching, you are the fine example for us to follow,
You are good at creatively studying and applying the invincible thought of Mao Tse-tung.
Fearlessly, you charge forward on the literary and art front,
Thus, the heroic image of the workers, peasants and soldiers now dominates the Chinese stage;
And we must do the same for the stage the world over!
China’s yesterday is the today of many Afro-Asian countries,
And China’s today will be their tomorrow.
We will fight for the complete emancipation of the oppressed nations and peoples,
We will fly the great red banner of Mao Tse-tung’s thought over all the Afro-Asian countries,
And over the six continents and the four seas.

Chairman Mao’s brilliant works are our spiritual food for ever.
We must become as noble as Norman Bethune, with utter devotion to others but no thought of self,
We want to be present-day Foolish Old Men and throw the three big mountains: imperialism, revisionism and reaction into the sea!
Oh, Chairman Mao, you are the very red sun shining most brightly in our hearts,
A long life to you, a long, long life, a long, long life to you!

Comrades and fellow students! I have recited my poem. Our seminar has now come to a successful conclusion. Let us work together to make a still greater success of the Third Afro-Asian Writers’ Conference which will be held in Peking in November!

Long live the solidarity of the revolutionary Afro-Asian writers and peoples!

Long live the great solidarity of the revolutionary writers and peoples all over the world!

Long live the complete emancipation of the oppressed nations and peoples all over the world!

Long live the victory of the great proletarian cultural revolution!

Long live the infinitely brilliant thought of Mao Tse-tung!

Long live the great epoch of Mao Tse-tung! Long live our great teacher Chairman Mao! A long life, a long, long life to him!

End Of The World Blues

By | 02/01/2026

Дар Жутаев

I want the sun to stop shining, stars to fall down from the sky.
I want the sun to stop shining, stars to fall down from the sky.
Cause the girl I love would rather that I die.

’want the wind start blowin’, sky fall down like a screw.
I want the wind to start blowin’, Sky fallin’ down like a screw.
Cause the woman I’m lovin’, She won’t have nothin’ to do with me at all.

Last trumpet blowin’, Dead men rosin’ up from the grave.
Last trumpet blowin’, Dead man risin’ up from the grave.
That’s the end of the world, I will never see you again.

Globalization and Post-Soviet Russia

By | 08/09/2025

Keynote speech delivered at the Communities Confronting Capitalist Globalization Conference, University of California at Santa Barbara, April 15, 2000

Globalization What?

Жутаев Дар

Dar Zhutayev during the founding of the RMP

Clobalization is an extremely controversial notion, widely used both in academic and nonacademic discourse, up to and including speeches by the UN Secretary General and Zapatista texts. It describes a series of recent interrelated processes on a world scale that began in the economic sphere but immediately transformed every other aspect of social existence, including the political and the cultural. There is a multitude of conflicting definitions of, and approaches to, globalization, reflecting their authors’ different outlooks. As there are many conflicting definitions, so there is a very broad range of attitudes towards globalization.

In this presentation I will work from a definition of globalization as the recent dramatic (and qualitative) increase in the scale of world trade and other processes of international exchange, such as currency flows, capitals movements, exchange of technologies and information, movements of people—all this in the context of the world economy becoming more and more integrated and the borders and sovereignty of nation-states becoming more and more ephemeral. Globalization is a phenomenon qualitatively different from traditional international trade in goods and services. This is, I believe, the more or less traditional definition of globalization, accepted by bourgeois scholars, such as, for example, Michael D. Intrilligator, professor of the University of California at Los Angeles.

From an ex-Soviet perspective, it is extremely important that one of the key factors that helped globalization spring into being, besides the revolution in information technologies, international agreements liberalizing world trade etc., was the collapse of the so-called “Socialist camp”, i.e. the USSR and its satellites. The same Professor Intrilligator cites “achievement of global consensus in attitudes towards market economy and the system of free trade”—i.e. the adoption of Western-style capitalism as the model by practically all the countries in the world—as one of the most important causes of globalization. This does not mean, as we shall see in a moment, that the system of “real socialism”, when it existed, presented any sort of real alternative to modern capitalism and imperialism; this only means that it was a rival power to the u.$.-dominated imperialist world, maybe no less keen on promoting globalization, but a globalization on its own terms. The “Socialist camp” would not fit into the patterns of integration going on in the traditional capitalist, West-dominated, world; for globalization in the modern sense of the word to start happening, this camp had to go. So 1991 marks not only the beginning of Russia and other ex-“Socialist” countries being affected by globalization—in my belief, it also marks the beginning of (and the partial cause of) globalization itself.

Some important things must be pointed out about globalization. The world being dominated by Western imperialism, primarily Amerikan imperialism, the integration of economic, social, political, cultural processes in the various countries is happening on Western imperialism’s terms, globalization effectively means the adoption—sometimes voluntary, in many cases involuntary—of the models of Western capitalism by all other countries plus the restructuring of the world market and of the political conjuncture on the world arena in the interests of Western capital. In other words, globalization as we see it happening equals capitalization equals Westernization equals Amerikanization. It is a process with a pronounced center (the u.$.) and several concentric peripheral circles, including the European countries and Japan (often complaining of the political and cultural effects of globalization), the “Second World” semi-imperialist countries (the ex-USSR and satellites plus some others) and the Third World.

Second, despite sweeping statements both from advocates of the status quo and many would-be “anti-imperialists”, the progressive or otherwise role (or roles) of globalization is an extremely complicated matter. As a process taking place according to rules established in several most developed imperialist countries and in the latter’s interests, with the Third World being on the receiving end, it is a reactionary process, increasing and Amerika’s and the West’s domination of the rest of the world—basically, a new and more sophisticated incarnation of neocolonialism. The Zapatista leader, subcomandante Marcos, has called globalization the “The Fourth World War” (the Third one, according to him, was the Cold War, won by the West). Its effect on the Third World countries is almost entirely destructive — for their economies, their ecology, the standard of living of their people, their political sovereignty, their distinctive cultures. A very eloquent example is that of various international “free-trade” agreements, such as the Agreement on Agriculture (AOA), WTO and earlier GATT, forcing Third World countries to remove protective tariffs against Amerikan foodstuffs, primarily grain, and compelling them to reorient their agriculture towards growing and increasing amount of specialty cash crops, to be sold in the First World, instead of food for their own people. Both mainstream politicians and guerrillas waging armed struggle in the Third World who put forward anti-globalization slogans are entirely right.

Things, however, are not as simple as that. Not all protests against globalization voiced in the second and especially in the First World are genuine anti-imperialist ones. Many are tinged with reactionary nationalism, chauvinism and fascism. Take the Seattle anti-WTO marches last December, with slogans “People First, Not China First”, or much of the anti-NATO and anti-Western craze in Russia during the Kosovo bombings. Globalization has certainly some positive concomitant effects, like the facilitation of the spread of information, including dissident information—a popular slogan among leftists in Russia now is “The Web is a weapon of the proletariat”, etc. As a semi-imperialist country, belonging neither to the “chosen few” of the “developed” Western nations nor to the exploited Third World, a country with a unique history and a pattern of social contradictions not to be found anywhere else in the world, Russia may prove especially fruitful for investigating the evils and goods of globalization from an anti-imperialist point of view.

Yeltsin’s Russia (1991–1999): Restoration of Western-Style Capitalism in the Context of Globalization

1991: No Restoration of Capitalism in the Strict Sense of the Word

Two important points should be made, about which misconceptions are common both inside Russia and in the West. The first one may be trivial, but is still of tremendous importance. The society supplanted by the Russia of Boris Yeltsin and by the other newly independent states of the former Soviet Union was by no standards a socialist one. The rift in 1991 was not between two, using Marxist terminology, “socio-economic formations” (socialism and capitalism); though certainly reactionary, it was not a counter-revolution in the strict sense of the word. Rather, it was a series of very far-reaching and deep-going structural changes within a definite type of society, touching upon its every sphere: the economy, the class relations, the sphere of social values, the culture, the ecology, the national question, gender issues, etc., radically transforming them all and eventually creating an entirely different social framework—without, however, changing the nature of the society. The situation around 1991 was certainly not what Louis Althusser termed a “ruptural unity”. Historical parallels where the face of a society is radically transformed and where tremendous changes take place for the good or for the evil of the people, without affecting the society’s fundamental class nature, might include Hitler’s Germany—certainly a far cry from the bourgeois-democratic Weimar Republic, but essentially still a modern Western capitalist society—and Iran after the Islamic revolution.

The exact nature of the post-Stalin and pre-perestroika Soviet Union is a subject of controversy, both in academic circles and among various Leftist political trends. Basically, it boils down to the question whether the Brezhnevite empire may be classed as a capitalist country (with or without qualifications) or if it represents a new, special type of society, non-socialist and non-capitalist. The latter point of view is upheld, for example, by the modern Russian post-Marxist scholar Alexander Tarasov, maintaining that “real socialism” was a separate socio-economic system which he terms “super-etatism”, a system coexisting with capitalism with the framework of one and the same mode of production, the industrial one. From a somewhat different—and paradoxical—angle, philosopher Alexander Zinovyev says that the Brezhnevite society, the actual Soviet society of the 60s and 70s, represented nothing less than… communism, “communism as a reality”, as he called it, a very coherent, self-contained and self-sufficient type of socio-political structure. There can be no other communism than this, Zinovyev claims. He gives a very accurate and scathing sociological description of Soviet “communism” in an 80s book called Communism as a Reality. Zinovyev denies the reality and viability of communism and socialism in the traditional Marxist sense of the word and the general context of his work leaves one in no doubt that he used the term “communism” as a—somewhat ironic—label for what he thought was a society fundamentally different from capitalism, but hardly less repressive and reactionary.

For my own part, however, I agree with the definition of the post-Stalin Soviet Union as a genuine capitalist society. There is a tremendous amount of literature upholding that viewpoint, both academic and nonacademic, and this is also the official viewpoint of a trend that I hold to be the most advanced development of Marxism to date—Marxism-Leninism-Maoism. Arguing in favor of this point of view is quite outside the scope of this presentation, so I will confine myself to saying that this was capitalism of a special kind: a state capitalist society and a social-imperialist power. State capitalist, as the State, being the private property of the Party nomenklatura and virtually uncontrolled by the masses, constituted the joint capitalist (although private enterprise, in the form of “shadow”, criminal capital, did play a substantial part too), exploiting the working masses. Social-imperialist, socialist in words and imperialist in deed, as the Empire used the rhetoric of Marxism, socialism, struggle for peace and support of the oppressed peoples’ liberation struggle, on the one hand, but struggled with u.$. imperialism for world domination accepting the usual imperialist rules of the game, maintained a plethora of satellite and dependent states and from time to time resorted to armed aggression to subjugate nations within its orbit striving to achieve national independence (Czechoslovakia, 1968) or even to curb genuine revolutionary struggles (Afganistan, 1979, where one of the principal enemies of the Soviet aggressors was a revolutionary Maoist party, the Afganistan Liberation Organisation).

Capitalist and imperialist of a special kind, with qualifications—but nevertheless precisely that. As early as 1964, Mao Zedong said: “The Soviet Union today is a dictatorship of the grand bourgeoisie, and a Hitlerite dictatorship. They are a bunch of rascals worse than De Gaulle”. In the early 70s, deciding which of the two imperialist superpowers was the more dangerous for world Socialism, Mao stated that the principal enemy was the USSR.

There was no need to restore capitalism in 1991—that had already been accomplished in the mid-1950s. An Indian historian of the Soviet Union, Vijay Singh, has shown in a number of papers how the socialist (or nascent socialist) framework of society began to be systematically dismantled immediately after the death of Stalin—beginning with the economic sphere. The process was furthered by the Alexei Kosygin economic reform of 1965. There was no socialism to renounce. Therefore we cannot define the events of 1991 and after as “restoration of capitalism, period”. What happened was the adoption of a new model of capitalism. Since this new model heavily relied on Western patterns—including the establishment of private property in the classic sense of the word, free enterprise, bourgeois representative democracy (of sorts)—and this process was endorsed and aided by the West, we may call it the “restoration” or maybe “establishment of Western-style capitalism”.

There is much continuity between Brezhnevism and post-Soviet Russian capitalism—a fact that is becoming especially evident today, as well be seen later in the paper.

Post-Soviet Russia a Direct Product of Soviet Contradictions. Pre-History and Early History.

Another misconception current both in Russia and among ill-informed sympathizers of Russia is that the collapse of the Soviet Union had been engineered by the West, that the Soviet bloc suffered a defeat in the Cold War. Certainly, the West had wished for such an outcome and had done everything in its power to achieve a victory over the Soviet Union—by nonmilitary means. Still, one cannot speak of a real defeat or a real victory here. The fall of the Soviet system and its replacement with a capitalist society of a new type—an event that both opened the door for large-scale Western penetration of the country and triggered the formation of the phenomenon of globalization as we know it today—was a direct consequence of the internal contradictions of the late Soviet Union that by the late 80s had entered a profound structural crisis.

The role played by the West in that process was not so much a direct one—diplomacy, subversive operations, agents of influence in the top echelons of power, propaganda of the “free market” and “democratic” values—as an indirect one. For decades, it had been the rival power—much the stronger one in terms of material, humyn and technological resources—and the logic of fierce competition with it to a large extent shaped the policies of the Soviet leadership, the priorities set for the country’s development, the very structure of society and of social contradictions. With Nikita Khrushchev, who co-opted and corrupted the Leninist idea of “peaceful coexistence”, the USSR had effectively accepted, in competing with the West, the rules of the game dictated by the latter.

Let us see how this is all reflected in the causes of the crisis of the Soviet Union. The armaments race, begun in the 50s, was sucking the country dry. According to varying estimates, 25 to 50 per cent of the GDP was spent on national defense. Much of the industry more or less belonged to the military-industrial complex: vast, hi-tech, enterprises totally incapable of surviving within a changed economic context. Nowadays these factories have to a large extent switched to producing low-tech consumer products (such as buckets or alarm clocks), with their workers going without salaries for years. This also resulted in the state setting up a plethora of scientific institutions doing almost exclusively defense research and in a superabundance of scientists. In the early 1980s, the Soviet Union had the largest army of scientific researchers in the world—11 million. They became a more or less privileged, or at least sheltered, group of the population, clearly considering themselves the elite and harboring technocratic illusions. It was this so-called “scientific-technical intelligentsia” that formed the mass backbone of the “democratic” (i.e. pro-Western, pro-free-market) opposition in the late eighties and was largely responsible for electing Boris Yeltsin and his “reformer” team to power. Today, much like the factories of the military-industrial complex, these physical and engineering institutes are on the verge of starvation. My wife, a young physicist working at one such institute, earns the equivalent of $35 per month.

Another consequence of competition with imperialism on imperialism’s own terms was the creation of the Soviet counterpart of a consumer society. In what came to be termed as “goulash Communism”, every adult was guaranteed (and even obliged to take) a job and received a salary covering h[er/his] basic subsistence needs—irrespective of how much s/he worked at all. In a book called Homo Soveticus, the above-mentioned philosopher, Alexander Zinovyev, describes the way he worked in the late 70s at a research institute. On workdays, his virtually only obligation was reporting to work in the morning, signing his name in a special register and the signing off after an appropriate interval. Naturally, he had two days off a week (the weekend) plus two other days called “library days”, on which he was supposed to be sitting in the library and did not have to come to his institute and sign the register. Which amounted to four days off a week! Still he was paid a normal salary and enjoyed a high prestige as an intellectual. The situation with industrial workers and the productivity of their labor was not much better. Practically, despite the Brezhnevite declarations that full employment had been reached in the country, there was a lot of hidden unemployment—the “hidden-unemployed” being paid full salaries!

Besides being a tremendous strain on the country’s resources economically, the phenomenon of “goulash Communism” was creating a sense of social parasitism in the population. This reflected especially heavily on the class consciousness of the Russian working class when it had to confront capitalism in its more traditional, Western-style, forms.

One of the most salient features of the social-imperialist system—once again, partly caused by the necessity to compete with the West on the West’s terms with inferior resources—was tight control of the population. The Brezhnevite society was a rigid hierarchy with the top Party apparatchiks at the summit. There was little social mobility. A persyn starting on a job was more or less expected to stay in the same social niche throughout his career. This reflected in the educational system, for example. Working-class children were largely expected to enter vocational schools and then become workers, like their parents. Children of white-collar workers or intellectuals normally went to college (“institute” in Russian) or university and continued as persyns of intellectual labor. Certain privileged jobs, like that of a diplomat, were accessible almost exclusively to children of ranking Party workers. Locked up in their fixed social positions, unable to change their vocation or destiny, the Soviet citizens were becoming increasingly frustrated and desperate.

One of the most powerful tools of control over the masses, the main repressive ideological mechanism of late Soviet society was its official pseudo-Marxist ideology. This system—on the one hand, thoroughly revisionist, having little in common with genuine Marxism except the terminology, full of talk about “humanism”, “peaceful coexistence”, the “developed Socialism” allegedly achieved in the USSR; and on the other, no less thoroughly ossified, dead, dull, cast into meaningless mantras to be unthinkingly repeated—was hammered home to every Soviet citizen by a huge and terribly expensive apparatus of “ideological workers”. All dissent and much of unofficial culture was relentlessly repressed. One should make a distinction here, however. Rightist dissidents, like Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Andrei Sakharov, Alexander Ginzburg and other famous public figures of the 60s—70s, enjoyed strong support from the West, both materially and in terms of media publicity, and, in order to appease world “public opinion”, the USSR authorities were treating them comparatively leniently. Leftist dissident of various hues had no such foreign support and, probably because the pseudo-Leftist regime sensed it was more dangerous, was suppressed much more ruthlessly. Examples would be veteran libertarian socialist Pyotr Abovin-Yegides; the Fetisov group in the late 60s, vehemently Stalinist and taking the side of Peking in the Sino-Soviet debate; the Neo-Communist Party of the USSR in the late 70s. The stranglehold of the official ideology on the masses was breeding cynicism, distrust of all politics, especially Leftist.

The one exercising this control was the Party nomenklatura elite—the owner of the means of production in all but name. As a group, the nomenklatura was increasingly in favor of becoming the owners of the means of production in name too—in favor, as modern Russian saying goes, of “exchanging power for property”. This process has been explained in detail by W.B. Bland in his book The Restoration of Capitalism in the Soviet Union.

Another major contradiction of the late Soviet era was the national question. The Center was treating many of the national republics as virtual colonies. This is especially true of the republics of Central Asia, like Uzbekistan, made to grow cotton to the detriment of virtually all other agricultural products—much in the same way the WTO now makes Third World countries grow cash crops instead of basic foodstuffs. The regime practiced state anti-Semitism, with official (unpublished) restrictive quotas of Jews to be enrolled at universities, given certain jobs, etc. As a result, many politically disoriented Jews embraced Zionism and came to look to Israel as their savior. The restoration of capitalism had brought back many of the old, pre-1917, national animosities which later culminated in the open violent conflicts between ethnic groups in the Gorbachev era.

By the mid-80s, all these contradictions were tearing the country apart. There were the legitimate democratic and libertarian aspirations of the broad popular masses, no longer wishing to live in a closed, corrupt and repressive society. There were the legitimate demands of the non-Russian nationalities for national sovereignty. There was the Party and government bureaucracy, especially its younger and/or more Westernized strata, yearning to become the legal owners of what they already controlled, to be Western-style capitalists. There was the criminal bourgeoisie, the black market barons, wishing to launder their swag and emerge as respectable businesspeople. Sociologically, there was the new generation of young people (ca. 30 in 1985) who could not find a place for themselves in the fixed social order and wanted change, the most vocal stratum of this generation being the “scientific-technical intelligentsia”. And … there certainly was the pressure from the West.

Mikhail Gorbachev’s leadership sensed the country was in trouble and launched reforms intended to save the social-imperialist system. However, the ruling group was unable to grasp the real reasons behind the crisis and the “reforms” turned out to be a series of haphazard measures only aggravating the situation. Initiated under the slogan of “More Socialism” (as if there had been any left!), the so-called “perestroika” (“restructuring”) was progressively drawing more and more on traditional Western recipes and models, opening the door for the massive economic, political and cultural penetration of the country by the West in the early 90s. In these conditions there arose the “democratic” opposition.

It is a fact little known in the West that there was actually a sizeable Leftist component in the opposition, campaigning for socialist democracy, although none of these forces had a deep enough understanding of the situation at that time to call for a revolutionary overthrow of the social-imperialist system that was gradually shedding the prefix “social”. This primarily refers to the Marxist Platform within the CPSU, launched in 1990 by Alexei Prigarin and Alexander Buzgalin. Supported by hundreds of thousands of CPSU members, the Platform denounced the Party bureaucracy and strongly came out in favor of worker’s self-government and control of the Party by the masses. Although marred by ideological vagueness and Social-Democratic illusions, the line of the Marxist Platform contained elements of what could be described as a proto-Maoist (or quasi-Maoist) approach: calling upon the rank and file Party members and the general masses to attack “capitalist-roaders” in top positions of the bureaucracy. There were some other Leftist components in the opposition, like Anarchist and Trotskyite groups.

However, the overwhelming majority of the opposition saw Western capitalist values as the only freedom and democracy possible. “Living like the rest of the civilized mankind” was the battle-cry of these forces, rallying round Boris Yeltsin. Two remarkable facts about the bourgeois-democratic opposition of the early 1990s are worth pointing out to a Western audience. First, the suprisinly small part played by the famous dissidents of the 60s—70s, many of whom actually repented of their former pro-Western positions; the leading spirits behind the restoration of Western-style capitalism for the most part came from Party nomenklatura circles, beginning with Boris Yeltsin himself (formerly First Secretary of the Sverdlovsk Region Party Committee and Moscow State Party Committee, a candidate member of the CPSU Political Bureau) and many of his closest associates, like Anatoly Chubais or Yegor Gaidar. Second, the seemingly amazing fact that substantial portions of the working class became involved in the pro-“democracy” pro-capitalism movement and actively engaged in protest that was objectively against their own class interests. Thus, in 1990—91 the miners of Kemerovo Region in Siberia launched a powerful wave of pro-Yeltsin political strikes that contributed a lot to the triumph of the “democratic” and “free-market” forces.

Apart from the vague slogans of “democracy” and “free-market”, there was little unity among these forces as they emerged victorious in August, 1991. The early history of post-Soviet Russia (up to the shelling of Parliament in October, 1993) is largely a history of the demarcation of class interests and the emergence of distinctive political forces representing the interests of different class groups. By 1993, the three major players in the game were as follows.

First, the pro-Western, or comprador, bourgeoisie. Economically, much of the domestic manufacturing industry of the Soviet era had become largely irrelevant. The mainstays of post-Soviet Russia’s economy became deliveries of raw materials to the West: natural gas, crude oil, electrical power, metals. There arose huge monopolies, each controlling—Gaprom (gas), RAO UESR (electrical power), several large oil companies (such as Lukoil, Sibneft or Yukos), Sibirsky Aluminy (aluminium), etc.

Encyclopedia of right opportunism. About the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation

By | 01/27/2025

Ⅰ. Marxism and opportunism

Practically everyone will be able to climb a small hill, but one can overcome Everest only by mastering a whole alpine science. Even more difficult is the conquest of socialism. This is the first social order in history, which is impossible to master, guided by superficial everyday ideas or the so-called “common sense”. This is a system that cannot develop properly by itself, cannot grow as the grass grows. Therefore, either based on a strictly scientific basis, it is really conquered, successfully developed and built, or, ignoring these fundamentals, they suffer a cruel defeat.

Such a necessary basis for the conquest and development of socialism is given by Marxism, whose fundamental difference from all other “isms” is precisely its strict scientific character. It would seem that we all studied and should know well the crystal clear statements of this great science about the revolutionary transformation of society. However, over the course of several decades, and in recent years especially, with all sorts of fake “true Leninists” and simply fierce enemies of the working class, so many involuntary and deliberate distortions were introduced into popular ideas about Marxism scientific communism.

First of all, it should be noted that, consistently relying on the materialist understanding of reality, Marxism insists on the existence of its objective laws and on the knowability of these laws. At the same time, Marxism teaches us “economic determinism”, showing that the most important social phenomena ultimately have their deepest causes in the economic side of society. This in turn makes possible a materialistic understanding of history.

The logical development of these fundamental moments inevitably leads to the affirmation of the paramount necessity of a class approach to all phenomena and processes in a class society, and at the same time the history of mankind is revealed as a history of class struggle.

Marxism marks the possibility of both evolutionary and revolutionary development. But consistently relying on dialectics, it shows that fundamental qualitative changes in the life of society, such as changes in socio-economic formations, although prepared in the course of evolutionary quantitative changes, however, are made in the form of revolutionary leaps. Therefore, Marxism calls boldly to face the harsh necessity of revolutionary changes of reality.

It should be noted that a revolutionary change of reality is necessary not only at the stage of taking power – during the revolution, but also at the stage of transforming the political, economic, cultural, moral foundations of life after the revolution. In economics, this should be expressed primarily in the decisive destruction of private ownership and the assertion of public ownership of the means of production, in overcoming commodity production and the market, in establishing unified state planning of the national economy with production orientation not on profit, but on meeting the rational needs of society.

At the same time, it is important to note that a revolutionary transformation means not only a radical transformation, but also certainly a fairly quick one. This means that after the seizure of power between capitalism and communism, the stage of socialism, in which there are still many dangerous elements of capitalism for the new system, must be passed decisively and optimally quickly. Otherwise, it is possible to seize the initiative by capitalist elements and roll back, which is what happened in the USSR.

Naturally, Marxism could not fail to develop a doctrine on the necessary conditions and guarantees for the revolutionary transformation of society, both at the stage of seizing power and at the stage of socialist development. The most important component of Marxism is the doctrine of the absolute need to establish the dictatorship of the proletariat, both for the victory of the socialist revolution and for the successful construction of socialism in the future. In the transitional period between capitalism and communism, that is, under socialism, “the state … cannot be anything other than the revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat” (K. Marx1). One of the most important foundations of Marxism, stemming from the recognition of the paramount importance of the class factor, is the study of the need for international solidarity of the proletariat. “Not to delimit the nation is our business,” Lenin argued, “but to rally the workers of all countries”2.

And finally, the Marxist-Leninist doctrine of the Communist Party as a revolutionary party of the new type and the doctrine of the proletarian revolution are of continuing importance.

The scientific rigor of the position of Marxism and all their interrelations is the greatest merit of this doctrine. It was this rigor that made it possible to create, figuratively speaking, such a unique “structure”, from the height of which reality is viewed deeper and clearer and comprehended. It should, however, be remembered that this scientific rigor inevitably led to the creation of a system, in its complexity adequate to the complexity of reality itself. And with this circumstance are connected quite certain moments of danger.

After all, if the very essence of Marxism consists in its full scientific character, then it is only necessary (no matter by mistake or by malicious intent) to introduce into it something false or to throw away some necessary position, as it loses this essence, and its merits. In this regard, unlike social democracy, monarchism, fascism and the like, there can be no semi-Marxism or some partial Marxism. And for this reason, there can be no “slightly non-communist”, as there can be no “slightly pregnant” woman. Here, as they say, or or!

Another point of danger is that the complex and perceived more difficult. And many, unfortunately, prefer to be content with very cheap populism.

That is why opportunism, which can be conditionally defined as “slightly corrected” Marxism, is a great danger for the cause of socialism. Depending on where, in what direction from Marxism they persuade us to deviate, they distinguish opportunism “left” – calling, not conforming to circumstances, rush forward, and “right” – most often persuading to trample on the spot, and if you go ahead, then by all means “by a slow, timid zigzag step”3.

At one time, I. V. Stalin, answering the question of which of these two slopes is worse, more dangerous, definitely pointed out the greatest danger of the slope that is currently the most widespread4. Today, without a doubt, we should state the greatest distribution and, consequently, the greatest danger of a right deviation, right opportunism, the most prominent representative of which is the Communist Party of the Russian Federation – the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.

At the same time, opportunism as “left” and “right” can be divided into two groups. To the first one, it is advisable to include opportunism “everyday”, generated mainly by such human defects as lack of education and underdevelopment of thinking, the power of private ownership of instincts, cowardice and the like. “Domestic” opportunism is the soil, the social base for the work of the second group of opportunism, which can be called “scholarly” opportunism (revisionism). Unlike the first, his actions are not naive, spontaneous, unprincipled, but, on the contrary, are carefully thought out and carried out in the name of clearly conscious ideas and goals. Figuratively speaking, “scientist” and “everyday” opportunism relate to each other, like a scientist theologian and rather naive parishioners, or like the head of a dragon and his torso.

As in any epoch of reaction, today all dragons of obscurantism raise their heads, and perhaps the most dangerous among them is opportunism. To defeat him, first of all it is necessary to defeat his head – “learned” opportunism, which, relying on human weaknesses, constantly maintains and multiplies them, constantly expands the swamp of “everyday” opportunism, organizes an entire party from it and blocks the development of the revolutionary workers.

In contrast to obvious enemies, “learned” opportunism pretends to be a friend of scientific communism, seeking, for the best of reasons, to “only correct a little bit” of it. Sometimes he doesn’t even correct anything, but “just” something “forgets”, “accidentally” confuses or substitutes. However, all these “small deviations” bring monstrous results.

The most striking example of the opportunism’s harmfulness is the activity of the CPSU of the times of Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev. Were they initially conscious enemies or were they first victims of opportunism, which eventually led them to frank betrayal? It is important, rather, to understand that in order to become a traitor, it is sometimes sufficient, first unconsciously and even with the best of intentions, to take the path of opportunism.

At the same time, it is clear that the most different elements of the bourgeois way of life are inclining towards opportunism. Under the influence of gradual bourgeoising in the minds of many and many members of the CPSU, fertile ground was prepared for opportunism, which also has the important property that creates the illusion of a solid theoretical justification for ideological rebirth. Today we personally see to what extent it has reached. Even the terrible lessons of Gorbachev did not teach anything to hundreds of thousands of “communists” who, like flies on fresh shit, fly to the rich opportunism of the CPRF.

Ⅱ. Genetic certificate of the Communist Party

It is difficult to forget the “position” of the Communist Party of the RSFSR and its leader. In his worthy reports, Polozkov seemed to be in something for socialism, but in the other he was also for capitalism. These oddities of the “mysterious” party and its leaders become more understandable if we recall the outstanding revelations made by A. Prokhanov, the ruler of the thoughts of the “patriotic opposition”:

“For the PSC, the idea of the state was also central. Who is talking about Marxism?.. Everyone is talking about the state and the civil world … We hoped that this communist party could be transformed into a party of national interests5 , that is, a reform party, free it from the internationalist … ideology and take advantage of this potential the party, its structures, its organizational apparatus”6.

It is not difficult to see that it is all about the same revisionist plan – to use the “communist” screen for the restoration of capitalism. This general idea was used first on the basis of the CPSU, then the Communist Party of the RSFSR. The arrogant Yeltsin hurried to ban these organizations that were most useful to him, but soon realized the threat of the emergence of a genuinely communist movement and considered it urgent to initiate the creation of a new pseudo-communist party.

I. Rybkin admitted that

“Already at the end of August [1991] … a conversation took place at a meeting held by the Chairman of the Supreme Council and at which the President met with him. He said that it is desirable to hold an extraordinary congress of the party to make it to capture key positions reformist wing”7.

Thus, it turns out that the initiators of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation were Yeltsin and Burbulis, and Rybkin was charged with working to create a party of bourgeois reforms under the communist flag. After a compromise decision of the constitutional court in the “case of the CPSU” Rybkin became one of the leading organizers of the Extraordinary Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, at which in February 1993 G. Zyuganov was elected one of the six deputy chairmen of the CEC of the Communist Party.

Zyuganov was the main ideologue in the Polozkov Communist Party of the RSFSR and his election as leader of a new pseudo-communist party was highlighted in the A. Prokhanov newspaper with undisguised delight:

“They did not come to revive the party for the love of communist utopias … Former Politburo member Gennady Zyuganov said what he sees as a revived Communist Party: as a party of patriots, a party of national interests and popular traditions, but not book dogmas. And this strategic line was the most acceptable to the Congress, for the CEC unanimously elected Zyuganov put at the head of the party”8.

This is how the anticommunist relay found its logical continuation: from Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev to Polozkov and from Polozkov to Zyuganov.

Below we discuss the provisions of the Program of the Communist Party. They are unnatural for the Communists, but they are quite natural for pseudo-communists with the genetics discussed above. For the time being we will touch upon only one program statement made back in September 1993 in a letter of the Presidium of the CEC of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation “On the Place of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in the Political Life of Russia”. This document states that the Communist Party of the Russian Federation takes from Marxism (!) Only a criticism of a bourgeois state and the idea of familiarizing citizens with the government of the country. The rest of the richest content of Marxism Zyuganov’s “communist” party … does not take. But it is well known that the essence, the main advantage and difference of Marxism lies in its scientific character, including the organic integrity and the close interdependence of its individual provisions. Therefore, to take something, but not to take something from Marxism means to try to break the inseparable, it means not to accept Marxism at all, to stupidly and discredit it and, moreover, to simply kill Marxism and deceive the working class.

In the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation it is said that this party “leads its ancestry from the RSDLP – RSDLP (b) – RCP (b) – VKP (b) – KPSS – KP RSFSR”. It is necessary to fully agree that the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is indeed a direct relative of the CPSU after the decades of the Stalin, when it was so mired in the deepest swamp of right-wing opportunism that a whole science had already formed in the international communist movement that specifically studied the process of restoring capitalism in the USSR Of course, we should completely agree with the fact that the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is a blood relative of the CPSU of the Khrushchev-Gorbachev modification, as well as a relative of the Polozkovskaya Communist Party of the RSFSR. But insisting on the kinship of the Communist Party with the communists of the heroic epochs of the Revolution, industrialization, World War II and the restoration of the national economy is not just a mistake, it is cynicism, which cannot be forgiven.

Ⅲ. Who orders the music

With a cursory acquaintance with the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, comparing it with the recent program documents of this party, one may get the impression that the Communist Party of the Russian Federation has noticeably moved. Indeed, the sharpest criticism from other communist parties and from within the CPRF itself has placed its leadership in the face of the need for an urgent choice: either to lose their seats, or … to create the illusion of venting.

We must pay tribute to the illusionists. They worked on the glory. But, as they say, black dog can not be washed white. And the maximum that they managed to do was to remove some too anti-communist attacks and start a more subtle game, bringing the Program in line with the world standards of modern revisionism. However, opportunism is opportunism, its donkey ears still stick out.

For example, our illusionists conceal their sympathies for capitalism very poorly. In the “Minimum Program” section, they make an absolutely correct statement that “under the current anti-people regime, socio-economic and political stability in society is impossible.” But a simple question arises: to which one should this regime be changed or, to put it in a more precise Marxist language, what social structure should be established for stability to become possible? (By the way, stability is stagnant, but continuous, and best of all, rapid growth is needed). For some reason, there is no direct answer in the Program. However, it follows from the text that this means only a change of the management team in the form of the appearance of the so-called “government of national trust”. Or, to put it simply, replacing the “bad capitalist” with the “good capitalist” Apparently, it is for this reason that the illusionists limited themselves to the “Minimum Program” and “forgot” about the “Maximum Program”. For in the latter one would have to not only say about the intention to conquer socialism, but also clarify: when, which way and which one.

None of this is not! Even “ after coming to power,” the Communist Party of the Russian Federation intends, for example, to leave the parasitic commercial banks, but does not even suggest raising the question of the dictatorship of the proletariat, of the power of the working people. Under such conditions, all statements about good intentions, the implementation of which this party, allegedly intends to pursue with “all legitimate”9 means, turn into a deliberate deception of the working class.

Indeed. How, under capitalism, can “return to citizens of Russia guaranteed socio-economic rights to work, rest, housing, free education and medical care, and secure old age”? How does the Communist Party of the Russian Federation intend to “suppress crime” under capitalism, which is by its very nature criminal, and therefore inevitably generates crime? How will the Communist Party of the Russian Federation “seek stabilization and price cuts” under capitalism, if even in the richest capitalist countries, which parasitize due to the robbery of backward countries, prices are rising? And here, of course, the question arises, how do the authors of the Program still imagine capitalism?

The program begins with the words that they are trying to get us back to “barbarous, primitive capitalism”. Apparently, the authors of the Program to this day are in the thrall of lies about the possibilities of some kind of innocent “civilized” capitalism and some kind capitalists. In a prisoner of lies, with the help of which the bourgeois democrats recently confused our destitute man in the street.

The program emphasizes that the Communist Party is against the bad thieves. At the same time, it sounds like “a very terrible threat” to “take control of state property appropriated against the public interest”. Awesome wording! Come understand why not just take away the loot, but only “take control”? And how is it possible to rob society in accordance … with its interests?

From the Program, we learn that the Communist Party’s allies should also consider entrepreneurs, that is, those very predators, in the name of whose dirty interests such monstrous crimes against the working class were committed. Of course, such allies offer distinct advantages. Thus, the cost of organizing the congress amounted to 500 million, of which only the payment for the Column Hall of the House of Unions cost about 100 million. But after all it is known: who pays, that and orders music. Apparently, this is the main reason for the “weirdness” of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, because all its “music” has been written, ordered and paid for by businessmen.

At times this music is quite subtle and can fool inexperienced hearing. For example, such a passage:

“… The Communist Party of the Russian Federation proceeds from the conviction that the fundamental dispute between capitalism and socialism, under the sign of which a stormy ⅩⅩ century has passed, is not historically completed.”

Someone might get the impression that it was written by courageous and inflexible communists. But how! After such a victory of capitalism, they say that the dispute is not over … Meanwhile, the Communists, at least just literate and honest, should first of all state that this historical dispute is over, and capitalism lost it, because capitalism could not overcome its organic contradictions, nor in no way he was able to peacefully and respectfully solve neither economic, nor social, nor national, nor cultural, nor environmental problems of the epoch. At the same time, socialism, to the extent with which, despite the frenzied resistance of all the forces of the old world, was accomplished, it solved these problems, and in a number of cases it solved brilliantly10.

The current restoration of capitalism in the USSR gave a convincing comparison of the effectiveness of the two systems. What was before and what has become now with the country! As far as what was created in the era of socialist construction, despite the onset of the forces of capitalism in the post-Stalin period, still for many decades provided a certain level of welfare and social guarantees for the Soviet people.

What kind of historical controversy can there be after all? Did capitalism, at least in something (except, of course, meanness and cynicism) show its superiority, especially in the historical dimension? The most that can be said is about a purely temporary, rather simply explainable and preventable failure of the historical process.

But it must be said that the wording of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation on the incompleteness of the dispute between capitalism and socialism is not at all accidental. For all its outward optimism, it actually makes it possible to question all the obvious advantages of socialism for decades. This formulation also sets the stage for doubts about the loyalty of Marxism and for justifying the various opportunistic “improvements” of Marxism.

Ⅳ. The substitution of socialism “patriotism”

A characteristic method of opportunism is the substitution of concepts, goals of the communist movement, and scientific Marxist analysis with various fashionable, but antiscientific considerations.

More recently, the leaders of the Communist Party were more frank. Almost without any disguise, they tried to substitute the socialist goals for “purely patriotic”, behind which not only the interests of Russian capital, but also the dilapidated church-monarchical aspirations were very strange for the end of the century. So, for example, there were attempts to establish in the public consciousness the motto characteristic of tsarist Russia: “Unity, spirituality, statehood”. What is translated from the language of the evil to the frank means: “For the faith, the king and the fatherland.”

These key concepts are stored in the Program. But under the pressure of criticism, they seem to be relegated to the background, to a strategic reserve. So, as traditional and basic Russian values are listed: “… the community, collectivism (Cathedral), the patriotism, the close relationship of the individual, society and the state (statehood), the desire to embody the highest ideals of truth, goodness and justice (spirituality), equality and equivalence all citizens regardless of national, religious or other differences (nationality)”.

Obviously calculated ambiguities, uncertainties and simple forgeries are self-evident here. One might ask, for example, why in the Party Program, which claims to be a Communist, the notions of community and collectivism should be crowned with a church term – “unity”? One may ask: is there a higher ideal of truth, goodness and justice in the world than the exemption from the exploitation of man by man? Apparently, there is no greater manifestation of spirituality! Then what does the Communist Party Program mean by the concept of spirituality? Exemption from the exploitation of man by man, or is it … trivial religiosity in the name of perpetuating this exploitation?

And when in tsarist Russia was it such a traditional value as “equality and equal value of all citizens”? Were the serf peasant and landowner, batrak and fist, worker and bourgeois or gendarme, alien and Russian intellectual equal in rights? … Why do we need all these dilapidated Church Slavonic tricks and stretches in the Communist Party Program?

The answer to these and other questions that arise is that the Program resorts to such tricks to first equate the concepts of socialism and “Russian patriotism” in the minds of the working class, and then quietly leave only “patriotism” as the thoughtless consent of the oppressed to serve their oppressors.

This substitution is summarized in a very beautiful, but, to put it mildly, not at all scientific statement that the “Russian idea” is a deeply socialist idea. Such populism can sometimes be suitable for salon conversations over a cup of tea of the clever intelligentsia, meeting passions, poetic images, but in no way suitable for the Communist Program, which must be scientific.

No doubt, it is nice to read Russian that “Russia has made a unique contribution to the development of mankind thanks to the peculiarity of the public consciousness and state structure…”. But, since we are talking not only about socialist Russia, but about Russia in general, that is, about Tsarist Russia, it is surprising that praise to tsarism and the public consciousness connected with it. The history of Poland, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and even Tsarist Russia itself has not yet forgotten about the royal ramrod, the rack and the gallows, the unbridled tyranny of landowners, landowners, unbearable oppression and plunder of the wild Russian bourgeoisie.

There are quite a few such touching identifications of socialism and tsarism in the CPRF Program. In particular, it is argued that “the geopolitical successor of the Russian Empire was the Soviet Union”. “Geo” – yes. But the “political successor” – is simply a blasphemous fiction, with a head outstanding psychology of the authors. After all, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of the epoch of Lenin and Stalin not only was not the political “successor” of tsarism, but radically rejected the principles of royal politics!

Alas, too much indicates that not socialism is the ruler of thoughts for the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. It seems that socialism is only temporarily and formally, as in the days of Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev, sticking to the text of the document in the name of a smooth transition to something else. At the same time, at this stage, obviously, the desire to push socialism somewhere to the side of the program goals.

“The party is fighting for the unity, integrity and independence of the country, the well-being and safety of its citizens, the physical and moral health of the people…”, – says the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Only after this listing is added that also “…for the socialist path of development.” Why is socialism hidden in the end of the Communist Program? Accident? Formulating the “main goals” of the party, the Program again puts socialism on the margins after democracy, justice, equality, patriotism and responsibility. Although it is clear that without socialism all these beautiful words turn into completely empty, and sometimes simply reactionary abstractions. Is it not quite clearly expressed the desire to hide socialism away from the center of attention in the so-called Communist Party slogan: “Russia, labor, democracy, socialism!”?

All this is not so harmless as it might seem at first glance. In an effort to find an opportunity to “softly” get away from socialism, the leaders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation exploit the natural strengthening of patriotic feelings that arise in response to the brazen economic plunder and insult to the national dignity of the people by Western capital. At the same time, they strive to create the illusion that the initial achievement of any “purely patriotic” goals will certainly facilitate later the achievement of socialist goals. However, in the present conditions, patriotism without socialist fulfillment may well lead to unbridled fascism. The struggle is simply “for a great power”, and not for the great socialist fatherland, the struggle for some kind of “sobornost” (Unity of the worker with the parasite), and not for the dictatorship of the proletariat, will unambiguously turn into another cynical deception of the working class. Therefore, such patriotism is false patriotism. Of course, such a line, despite some near-communist words, is only an anti-communist line, by virtue of its complete anti-science.

And finally, if we assume that the authors and supporters of this Program are really not against socialism, but “only” want to focus it exclusively on the interests of the nation and in the spirit of some “national idea”, then we should not forget that such a “tilt” of socialism in nationalism will inevitably lead to the terry national socialism with all the ensuing consequences. It is very important in the current state of the Communist Party to catch and prevent the threat of such a degeneration.

Ⅴ. The fight against anti-people power… according to the laws of this power

No one can deny that the history of class society is the history of class struggle. It is possible, however, contrary to this truth, to persuade the classes to stop the struggle, not to strive to establish their rule, singing at the same time some unrelated to the class struggle, peaceful ways of resolving fundamental class contradictions. Since there are no such ways, such chants, which help perpetuate the exploitation of man by man, are very beneficial for the bourgeoisie, which creates its dictatorship, and it pays well for such a service. Therefore, right-wing opportunism still polishes the technology of duping the working class.

The CPRF program in this regard is not a surprise. For a long time, it is known, for example, how G. Zyuganov doesn’t like the Communists, who do not change their Marxist views, how much he has in common with favorite expressions like “left orthodoxy”, “civil accord”, “civilized development” and the like with bourgeois democrats. We remember his words about the need to create such a party, “which would cut off the extreme leftist orthodoxy of those who remained ideologically in the past century.” There is no doubt that this is primarily about Marx and Lenin.

In order not to have any doubts about the determination of the new liquidators of Marxism, the CEC Communist Party CEC11 letter specifically emphasized the renunciation of the most important provision of scientific communism about the dictatorship of the proletariat: “Dictatorship of any class would ultimately lead to a historic catastrophe.” Since the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie has long been stinking in the country, and with an abundance of clearly fascist features, it is not difficult to understand that the Communist leaders of the CPRF frightened the inhabitant with the dictatorship of the proletariat.

It was. In the current Program, there are no such shameful statements. Moreover. The authors even allow themselves to use the thoughts of “some writers remaining in the past century” (Marx, Lenin) to make a very correct remark that “Russian history fully confirms the view of the role of revolutions as the locomotive of history”. However, the right opportunist nature of the Program remains the same as in the fundamental ideas of the party ideologists. Indeed! Of course, it is true that “the historical process takes place in evolutionary and revolutionary forms” and, of course, it’s good that the Communist Party of the Russian Federation “supports those that really correspond to the interests of working people.”

It would seem – clear! Since socialism corresponds to the interests of working people and since theory and practice show that the transition to socialism is such a transition of quantity to quality that is accomplished leapfree, that is, through revolution, the Communists must clearly understand the need for a revolutionary transformation of society. It would seem that after the bourgeois lesson of Yeltsin in October 1993, it is impossible not to understand that the capitalists will never voluntarily, according to the results of some kind of voting, power and property will not give up. An, no! These “communists” against all odds, “seeking revolutionary changes, stand for peaceful methods of their implementation.” For greater importance and the impression of scholarship, it’s added that “the party opposes bourgeois and petty-bourgeois extremism”.

These accusations of “extremism” should be considered. The fact is that from these very same personalities we often heard quite fair statements that war is being waged against our people today. Moreover. By some indicators of distress, it has already surpassed the results of all past wars. It is permissible to ask who, then, should be a real patriot, a defender of the Motherland? Of course, he must be a man, without regard to danger, giving all of himself to the struggle against the class enemy. But this is an extremist! Such extremists were the pilot Nikolai Gastello, the partisan Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, the heroic Komsomol members of the Krasnodon underground … It was these and these extremists that brought the Victory to our socialist homeland.

Why is the CPRF program engaged in introducing the notion of “extremist” as a negative image so inappropriate in real present circumstances for the purposes of criticism? It would be more correct in today’s situation to expose indifference, cowardice, cowardice, empty demagogy, lousyness. Moreover, the bourgeoisie of all countries constantly and unsuccessfully introduces the inhabitants in the consciousness that the fighters for the interests of the proletariat are unfair “extremists” and “terrorists”. Naturally: with common goals, terminology is the same. So the Communist Party Program infects people’s minds with disinformational metastases, and for “scientific” it “clarifies”: “bourgeois extremism”, “petty-bourgeois extremism”.

For reflection: riot police already beat up and kill unarmed civilians under the current dictatorship of the bourgeoisie is completely legal, and protection against these killers is illegal, “extremism” Bankers and capitalists legally rob the workers, and protection against these robbers — strike and other actions of the working class — is, according to the logic of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, “extremism”.

What does the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation suggest instead of revolutionary “extremism”? We read: “To remove anti-popular mafia-bourgeois circles by legal methods from power…”. Legal methods! So, in accordance with the laws that protect the interests of the anti-people regime. So it turns out that the program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation contrasts revolutionary “extremism” with idiocy. And idiocy without end and edge. For if the current bloody regime of “bad capitalists” (and not capitalism itself) is removed from power, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation gathers through soul-giving speeches and votes, then naturally, with “good capitalists” (? !!!) “to ensure civil peace in society, the resolution of differences and contradictions in a legal way, based on dialogue.” All the same nonsense!

Of course, many members of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation sincerely dream of socialism, but without a struggle for it, “for so”, and if with a struggle, then in comfortable conditions and with the indispensable permission of the authorities for this struggle. But bourgeois power does not consist only of idiots! Bourgeois power graciously resolves the struggle against it, but only in the only parliamentary way that will never yield any socialism. As any love talk with a woman will not give a child.

The struggle against the bourgeois government according to its laws, that is, actually under its leadership, is the road to nowhere, the cynical deception of the working class.

Ⅵ. Tricks with the working class

Since only the working class can be the force capable of destroying the exploitation of man by man through the exercise of his dictatorship, every genuinely communist party has the task to make the working class aware of this historical mission and establish the dictatorship of the proletariat. The task of right-wing opportunism, on the contrary, is to prevent this. But since opportunism plays the game under the guise of scientific communism, it therefore, formally, cannot abandon declaring the decisive role of the working class.

How to be? Opportunism, as a rule, finds a way out in all kinds of “deepenings”, “improvements”, “refinements” of Marxism. The program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is an excellent illustration. Here it is interesting and important not only to state the facts of lies, but also to trace the very technology of deception.

“In the socio-economic sense,” we read in the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, “technological progress coincides with the process of the socialization of labor.” Does it and how? Here, the authors allow “little” trick. Cunning helps to hide the “small”, but very important inaccuracy. The trick is. that the categories “productive forces” and “production relations” that are fundamentally used in Marxism are replaced by the terms “technological process” and “socialization of labor”. Use the authors of the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation the first terminology – and it would immediately be evident that there is no smooth and permanent coincidence between the development of the “productive forces” and the “production relations”. However, a literate reader should still notice the insidious inaccuracy. Indeed, in fact, technological progress does not just coincide unhindered, but in economic terms, it urgently requires the socialization of labor. The implementation of this requirement at a certain stage begins to be hampered by the lag of production relations, namely the presence of private ownership of the means of production, which inhibits the necessary socialization of labor. As a result, a crisis arises and deepens, which can be overcome only by a revolutionary change in the relations of production.

“Small” inaccuracies and tricks are used in the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation to get around this crucial moment and present the situation in such a way that, since everything is perfectly matched, the development of society can roll forward smoothly and without any shocks.

But that’s not all. The laces of opportunism trudge further:

“The socialization of labor is the main material cause of the inevitable offensive of socialism. The driving force of this transformation was and remains the working class.”

The pressure on the inevitability of the arrival of socialism here is used to assert in the consciousness of the absolute uselessness of any revolutionary actions. Like, all by itself formed. This is an old sedative, well mastered by the CPSU. The classics of scientific communism thought otherwise! Engels, for example, emphasized that “…the economic situation does not automatically have its impact, but people make their own history”12.

In what sense, then, is the working class as a driving force? Since the CPRF program denies the revolutionary transformation of society and the dictatorship of the proletariat, praise to the working class is pronounced … as the driving force of technological progress. Thank you for your kind words, but this is fundamentally wrong. The presence of the working class, of course, is a necessary condition, but science and scientists are the direct driving force of technological progress. What’s the matter? The clue is simple. All these laces are needed in order, on the one hand, to remove the question of revolution and the dictatorship of the proletariat. On the other hand, to report in the greatest respects to the working class.

But the most interesting begins further, when our illusionists, quite skillfully, having laid a false line of thought in the foundation of their reasoning, construct their own version of events. It turns out that “in the course of scientific and technological progress, the working class of the city and village is transformed.” Moreover, in the opinion of the CPRF, this transformation consists in the fact that it is elevated in professional and intellectual respects.

Paper, of course, can endure any fantasy. However, in life we see something quite different. Restoration of capitalism, lowering the level of industrial relations, not only destroyed any scientific and technical progress, but also caused a landslide in reverse. Naturally, this does not happen and there can be no increase in the professional and intellectual level of the working class. On the contrary, there is dequalification, and sometimes just savagery of the working class.

Professional degradation even more captures the intelligentsia. Here is the Law Program, saying that “a significant part of the engineering-technical intelligentsia is joining the ranks of the working class .” However, further follows the incorrect statement that “as a result of the counter-flows, the forward detachment, the core of the modern working class, is formed.” It is not true because, in professional terms, general degradation prevails, and not at all some counter flows.

Why do we need all this lime? In order to divert attention from the actual processes of social insight and growth of the organization of the working class, to remove the question of whether the real working class can fulfill the avant-garde role, passing into the state of the proletariat itself, which realized its common interest, that is, the interest of the proletariat – a class that has nothing to lose besides their own chains. In order to replace instead of this revolutionary class, the avant-garde has long been known for its conciliation and simply betrayal of a stratum of all kinds of “labor aristocracy”, “blue-collar workers” or selfish worker “democracy”. After that, there are utter nonsense. It turns out that “further replenishment of its ranks (the core of the working class).

How sweet is that! Everything (including the bloodsucking bourgeoisie) at the discretion of the CPRF dissolves in the working class and there will be no classes! The main thing, without class struggle! And the communists, it turns out, there is nothing to worry about! With such tricks, the CPRF program “closes” not only the question of the leadership role of the working class, but also of classes in general, class struggle in particular, and, of course, revolution in particular. Comments, as they say, are superfluous.

Ⅶ. “Philosophical Mists”

All this is not new. Such “views” are basically the essence of the rehash of the well-known theories of “post-industrial society”, “convergence” and the like, claiming that humanity based on the development of scientific and technological progress and culture is about to peacefully overcome all the contradictions of life. These theories strive at all costs to get away from the scientific Marxist methodology, presenting the socio-historical process in idealistic coverage. At the same time, they strive to replace the concept of socio-economic formation with the concepts of “civilization” and “culture”, seek to avoid considering the dialectics of productive forces and production relations, replacing it with a fruitless illusion about the possibility of conflict-free development of scientific and technological progress.

In our time, especially after the scandalous collapse of the “philosophical” Gorbachevism, a demonstrative departure from science and a simple repetition of the asss of theories long ago rejected by life itself has become quite difficult. Therefore, having chosen the path of abandonment of scientific communism, the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation was obliged to cover this refusal with at least something that produced the impression of some kind of scholarship. To this end, the leaders and theorists of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation are beginning to spread thick “philosophical” fogs.

Instead of the crystal clear Marxist doctrine on the development of society, we are being offered a theory of a certain way of “sustainable development”, developed even “in international scientific, public and political circles”. At the same time, it is stated that “in the overwhelming majority of countries, including in Russia, work has been launched to formulate national strategies for sustainable development, taking into account general civilization trends, existing productive forces, and especially spiritual traditions and aspirations of society”.

After reading this frivolous abstruse text, many questions naturally arise. First of all, what kind of “international scientific, public and political circles”? International Monetary Fund? And what are “generalized tendencies”? The Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation shortly before this fragment mentions a tendency towards the division of the world’s population into “golden billion” and mercilessly exploited by it with the help of the “new world order”.The rest and bulk of humanity. We have known this generalized civilized trend, inevitably associated with the nature of capitalism, for a long time. The past world wars and the current imperialist robbery are associated with this tendency. What does the Communist Party Program mean? The need to focus on the nightmares of the capitalist “civilization” as something positive? Or it means the opposite – the flight from this civilization, which is why it is developed specifically national strategies, that is, strategies for the principle of “save yourself as you can”? Finally, to the “sustainable equilibrium” of what does the CPRF intend to lead us?

You can expect anything. For when you read this program, the impression is that you are swinging on a swing. Here you are pretty Tsarist Russia and the USSR … as its successor, the revolution as the engine of history and … the Communist Party of the Russian Federation against the revolution, socialism and … all forms of ownership, the working class as the driving force and … a completely incomprehensible role and fate of this force.

But, thank God, (as some “atheist communists” now seriously say), the authors of the Program, having supported the reader in this bunch of “highly scientific” fog, finally report that the socialist development is optimal for Russia…

Thank! Rolling up to stupidly on the swing of the Communist Party, having eaten enough of all their eclecticism, seeing all these tricks with the working class, it is impossible not to wonder: Do the authors of the Program understand the essence of socialism? Moreover, do they not want to fool once again the working class with this version of socialism, after which the communists will not have a hundred years of faith then? You ask this question and you understand that this is the way it is! To do so, they spread their “philosophical fogs”, hoping only that among the utterly muzzled people there would be no one who would exclaim: “But the king is naked !!!”.

Ⅷ. The substitution of Marxism Bogdanovism

Since scientific communism proceeds from the determining role of the economic basis, the builders of socialism must first of all clearly understand what exactly the socialist economy should be. The program of the Communist Party is obliged not only to indicate the necessary general principles, such as public ownership of the means of production and its management through state planning, but also to show on which concrete mechanisms the socialist economy should work in order to reveal its advantages over the capitalist economy. At the same time, the very nature of such – economic – part of any communist program is the most important criterion of the communism of the entire program.

What is the economic part of the program of the Communist Party? Let’s face it – there is simply no economic basis of a communist nature in this program. Recall that the Communist Party, with its “socialism”, despite scientific communism, is not going to destroy private ownership of the means of production. The Communist Party promises only “domination” of social forms of ownership.

Why is it still necessary to leave private ownership of the means of production? Why does the Communist Party of the Russian Federation at any cost, even after the victory of its “socialism”, want to have the coexistence of antagonistic forms of ownership, which in the end cannot be peaceful? Perhaps, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation still has not defined its opinion on the fact which form of ownership is more economically effective? But why then rush to be called the Communist Party?

The reference to the fact that due to the low level of productive forces today, “as under Lenin,” it would be necessary to reconcile with private traders, would be untenable. After all, despite all the demo bourgeois robberies, we still have this level “slightly” higher than after the end of the Great Patriotic War. But then the indicators in the economy we had on the envy of the whole world, and it was precisely because we did not focus on the private trader. Or do you need a private trader “for divorce” in order to multiply new and new private traders, to multiply private-ownership psychology and, ultimately, to create new personnel for the “fifth column”? Or, even worse, the friendship with a private trader already so tied the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, that it is simply not able to break out of the vicious circle?

It should be noted that the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is about domination not even public, but social forms of ownership, that is, not the domination of a single public ownership, but the domination of all these “partnerships”, cooperatives, joint-stock companies and other anarcho-syndicalist a rabble who, in Lenin’s phrase, is “a complete rejection of socialism”13. Lenin’s rightness was fully confirmed by the experience of replacing socialism with its imitations in many countries.

The CPRF program promises us that “the wasteful nature of capitalist production and consumption will gradually be completely overcome. On the basis of the progressive movement of a new society, the principle of the universal saving of resources will prevail in the life of people…”. But at the expense of what will happen? After all, the “explanation” of the type “on the basis of the progressive movement” absolutely nothing explains. Rather, the opposite.

Indeed, it is hardly possible to call the program a declaration of the type “the nature of labor productivity will change, the systems of public transport, communications, information, health care, nutrition will rise to a new level … society will move from industrial to post-industrial technologies”, “conveyor technologies will give way to flexible automated ones” and like that.

It is very important! But all this has happened and will continue to happen in capitalist countries, and not even in the most developed ones. Where are the fundamental, socialist differences? Unless these, purely technological, organizational questions should constitute the main task of the party and be put into its Program? Obviously, the main task of the party is more fundamental. It can not be reduced to interference in the actual organization of production and technology. First of all, the main task of the party is to bring production relations to a higher level, which is able to create the necessary conditions for the rapid development of productive forces.

The program of the Communist Party leads the party to the loss of its main and fruitful function, which was very typical for the Communist Party of the last decades.

This replacement of the scientific approach to the construction of a socialist economy with the second edition of the “fourth dream of Vera Pavlovna” is not at all an accidental and innocent mistake. This is a deliberate relapse of the long-time opportunist tradition, leading at least from Bogdanov, later supported by Bukharin and sharply criticized by JV Stalin in 1952 in Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR. Criticizing Yaroshenko, Stalin showed that the profound mistakes of Yaroshenko stem from the false assertion that under socialism there are no contradictions between production relations and productive forces. Therefore, Yaroshenko believed that any independent role of the relations of production under socialism disappears. They allegedly simply enter into one of the moments in the organization of the productive forces. Thus, in his conclusions, he robbed socialism of its economic basis, and in political economy its main task, connected with the study of production relations, imposing production science, planning, technology on this science. Naturally, at the same time, he and the party took away its main task, Stalin convincingly showed that the contradictions between the productive forces and the relations of production under socialism certainly exist, since the relations of production lag behind and will lag behind the development of the productive forces. One of these contradictions is, for example, the contradiction between the dominant national ownership of the means of production in industry and the existence of property of a lower level of socialization (collective farm). Naturally, it was up to the state policy determined by the party, whether such contradictions would be resolved peacefully and without losses for a socialist society or their development would lead to a sharp conflict.

Stalin warned in time that if the policy of ignoring the importance of production relations recommended by Yaroshenko with the substitution of scientific categories of political economy for “rational reasoning” about the rational organization of productive forces, the conflict is inevitable, will be implemented . As is known, such a conflict occurred and ended with the strangulation of socialism.

In the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, we see precisely these, calculated for the average man, the general “sound reasoning” at the level “it is necessary to do well and not to do it badly”. But we do not see the main focus and absolutely necessary for the successful construction of socialism to expand and deepen the socialization of the means of production, to overcome the marketability of the economy and profit orientation. This is quite understandable if we recall the insurmountable craving of the Communist Party’s ideologists towards “the coexistence of all forms of ownership”. Therefore, in order to disguise the ideological vacuum, the opportunists are forced to fill their Program with all sorts of enthusiastic words about the transition from industrial to post-industrial technologies and the like. Of course, all these words cannot claim to be called the economic program of the Communist Party.

“Trying to reduce all this complex and diverse business, which requires major economic changes, to the ‘rational organization of the productive forces,’ means replacing Marxism with Bogdanovism” – J. V. Stalin.

Ⅸ. Falsification of history

The “analysis” offered by the CPRF Program to “explain” the causes of the collapse of socialism is extremely indicative. Here, on the one hand, there are, of course, curses addressed to the decayed top of the CPSU, shadow capital and other anti-people forces. On the other hand, the fundamental root causes and specific mechanisms for the collapse are carefully hidden. Opportunists, of course, will not criticize for deviating from Marxism. Lovers of “all forms of ownership” they will never see evil in a market economy, the first steps towards which were taken not under Gorbachev, or even in 1965, but almost immediately after Stalin’s death. As a result, the proposed “analysis” at times strikes with clearly deliberate inconsistencies, inaccuracies, naiveties, and sometimes strikingly recalls the bourgeois-democratic demagogy with which people were fooling at the dawn of “restructuring”.

For example, the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation says that after the establishment of the power of the working people the transition to a planned economy on the basis of public ownership was carried out, a cultural revolution was carried out, industrialization was carried out as soon as possible. It is noted that the victory over fascism and the successful restoration of the national economy proved the historical justification for such accelerated development. That’s right. It would seem that it only remains to emphasize that, since it was precisely the organic advantages of socialism and their correct use that made such a successful construction possible, then this should be followed further, in every possible way deepening the socialist content of life – above all, by increasing the level of socialization of production.

But no! Here our “statesmen” give a reverse course. They regret that this path was “forced” (?!), The path of “rigid centralization and nationalization was improperly (?!) elevated to the absolute and accepted as a guiding principle.” They regret that “as a result, the free amateur organization of the people was increasingly restricted, the public energy and the initiative of the working people were not demanded”.

Let’s tell the truth. In this beautiful phrase it sounds not at all some abstract longing for some abstract initiative and energy. It does not sound a longing for initiative and energy in the matter of socialist transformations. Here, the same philistine longing of the Communist Party for “all forms of ownership.” Frankly, longing for private property and profits.

Even Marx and Engels emphasized that the very essence of socialism consists in the destruction of private property. The living experience, in particular the experience of the tremendous victories of the Stalinist economy, shows that it is the depth of socialization that reveals the possibilities of realizing the enormous economic advantages of socialism. But ordinary people cannot overcome private owners in themselves!!!

On the other hand, isn’t the self-evident nightmare to which the replacement of the remnants of the scientific management of the socialized economy by the “free action of the people” led to ? When, in favor of international capital, were the “public energy and initiative of the working people” demanded in the black business of inflating anti-communist hysteria, private ownership psychology, the collapse of the state, privatization and other types of theft and robbery?

Of course, the Communist Party ideologues will say that it was necessary to take initiative, energy and initiative for creation. Right. But for what specific plans should act in this direction? Does he have the Communist Party?

The program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation fairly states that the pathos of the Third Program of the CPSU adopted in 1961 (“Overtake and overtake!”) was not implemented. That the main task of socialism has not been resolved is to realistically, in practice, socialize production. It may seem that even the authors of the Communist Party understand this. But alas, it can only seem! For in the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation itself, it is black and white inscribed that it is realistic to socialize production, in their understanding, it means … “to switch to the self-government of labor collectives.” The long-familiar Düringovsko-Shlyapnikovsko-Yugoslav model, which represents anarcho-syndicalism, has nothing to do with scientific socialism, with all the ensuing consequences that are clearly visible from Yugoslavia to Russia today!

Not surprisingly, the Communist Party ideologists, even after the pogrom committed by the Gorbachev region, see the trouble of our past development in the fact that in our time of Khrushchev, Brezhnev was taken as a model of an allegedly “outdated type of development of productive forces”. Moreover, by “outdated” without any evidence, contrary to theory and facts, Stalin type of development is meant.

In fact, everything is just the opposite. The trouble was that in the post-Stalin period a consistent rollback began from the advanced type of development of the productive forces. So, after a series of actions preparing the development of market relations and market consciousness, in 1961 an absolutely necessary and adequate criterion for evaluating production efficiency to reduce production costs was removed and appropriate to the nature of socialism. Since 1965, the notorious “economic reform” has already been launched, forcibly reorienting production to the pursuit of monetary profit. This “reform”, which marked the beginning of a forced transition to the market, was enough to ensure the collapse of socialism. However, it is about this most important reason for the collapse of the program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, of course, does not say a word! “The workers did not feel the owners.” It is hard to believe that this is said in 1995, when millions of workers realized with their own ridge, into which the bog pulled their bourgeois zlatousta.

It is not by chance that the criticism of the CPSU is superficial in the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. In the Program, there is not even an attempt at periodization, of highlighting characteristic stages in the history of the CPSU and the USSR. This means that there is no analysis of our history. Instead, we find a fairly common type declaration “in the CPSU originally existed opposite trends – the proletarian and petty-bourgeois, democratic and bureaucratic,” “formed two wings, and in fact two tendencies”, that “only by taking into account these circumstances, it is possible to make an objective assessment such leaders of the Party and the state as I. V. Stalin and V. M. Molotov, N. S. Khrushchev and G. M. Malenkov, L. I. Brezhnev and A. N. Kosygin”.

Immediately questions arise. Which of these figures should be attributed to the positive, and who to the vicious course, and why? When exactly vicious tendencies won, why, what was their essence? No replies. This is not an accidental omission and is due to the fact that any concretization is fraught with the possibility of identifying very undesirable moments for the leadership of the CPRF.

Let us take, for example, the indication of the Program that one of the most important reasons for the collapse of the USSR was the party’s monopoly on power and ideology. Yes, there really is a serious problem. At first glance it may seem that it concludes two sides of an insoluble contradiction. The first is that there is no other way to really build socialism, except through the dictatorship of the proletariat under the leadership of the communist party. The theory speaks about it, practice has proved it. The second is that any state, including the dictatorship of the proletariat, cannot exist without the monopoly of the ruling party on power and ideology, much less develop. Not for nothing so valued in the capitalist countries, when the party that won the election, can form a one-party government – what is this if not a monopoly on power? And the so-called “freedom of the press” in capitalist countries – if not a monopoly on ideology? Or is the bourgeoisie’s monopoly on power and ideology a good thing, but the same is bad for the proletariat?

If we base our analysis on the contradiction thus formulated, then it is not difficult to sink into the clique of the most artistic bourgeois democrats from 1988–1989, who, posing as true guardians of socialism, “regretted with pain in their hearts”…

In fact, in the post-Stalin period, the monopoly of the CPSU on power was exercised if its leadership had only communist phraseology and talk, but not Marxist science. It was a non-communist monopoly. Therefore, there are problematic issues, but they are completely different.

In fact, did such “reforms” of Khrushchev correspond to socialism, as the beginning of the reorientation of industrial enterprises in pursuit of profit, the transfer of MTS to collective farms, and even more so the rejection of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the announcement of the CPSU as a nationwide party? All these undertakings corresponded to bourgeois, market ideology.

Indeed, the Communist Program should have noted that in the post-Stalin period, the Communist Party and the monopoly on power were in the hands of false communists, opponents of the proletariat, communism, Marxism. This fact and the reasons that led to this, are a deep, comprehensive, scientific analysis on the part of the Communists.

Instead, in the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, in a familiar populist manner, bourgeois democrats and their lackeys talk about their own, luring them somewhere, but never without telling where.

For example, they say that “self-government in production” is necessary. What is its essence? The program is silent. Next comes the “democratization of elections.” In what sense: “democratization”? If in the sense of the dictatorship of the proletariat, then there are no objections. But the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is categorically against the dictatorship of the proletariat. Therefore, the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie remains. There is no third in nature. But we have already taken to the bourgeois democratization, when the availability of money allows pushing anyone into the deputies: from just mentally ill people to outright thieves. What does the Communist Party Program mean? Next comes the “freedom of speech.” What word? Anyone? Thank you, have heard a lot! This style is quite suitable for the bourgeoisie, but for the communists…

Of interest is the statement of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation that there was “the desire of the advanced sections of society to carry out reforms long overdue in the country.” What are the layers? What kind of reforms are we talking about? We remember the indignation of the rise of the Soviet bourgeoisie that was ripe among the masses of the working people. We remember the regret that Lenin is not with us. We remember the talk that private-ownership psychology is beginning to openly reveal the fangs and that it is time for Aurora to be brought to the Kremlin. That is how really advanced, but, unfortunately, completely unorganized segments of society thought. The program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation unequivocally means completely different strata of society and other reforms. This becomes apparent when the Communist Party Program is terribly angry at the Gorbachev leadership not at all because it opened the way for a private trader, but because only… “in words the equality of all forms of ownership was hypocritically proclaimed.”

The repetition by the CPRF Program of bourgeois-democratic demagogy about the harmfulness of the communist monopoly on ideology and power means that this party, with its “socialism”, craves the market not only in the economic, but also ideological. What for? The craving of the masses for socialism is becoming more and more obvious. This seriously scares the fake communists and makes them look for effective antidotes in advance.

“For treachery of the party, for ignoring national interests, for the destruction of our Fatherland,” the Communist Party Program says, “Gorbachev and Yakovlev, Yeltsin and Shevardnadze are responsible.” And that’s it? !!! The rest are “true party members”??? If we submit the names of class enemies personally, it is necessary to continue the list to discuss, first of all, from among all representatives of the party nomenclature: Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Polozkov, Belov, Kuptsov, Zyuganov and so on.

It is necessary to say the whole and complete truth, no matter how bitter it is. The true depth of the tragedy is not only that the ideas of communism were consistently betrayed by the leaders of the CPSU, the Communist Party of the RSFSR, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. The main thing is that the degeneration, betrayal of the “party members” was massive. How else can one understand the indisputable fact that out of 18 million “communists” today, at least 600,000 people are not even called themselves communists?

Why is the Communist Party Program silent about this? What are the “true party members” all the same and why are they trying to brighten the truth? As for the “true party members”, apparently, everything is simple. As such, the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation calls all the members of the CPSU hiding in the gaps. They are granted indulgences. And they, inspired by the absolution of sins, are felled in the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, where, without doing anything and without risking anything, we can consider ourselves to be “a true Leninist.” This is the traditional method of the CPSU of the last decades. This is a kind of “social contract”: the tops close their eyes to the petty untidiness of the bottoms so that the bottoms close their eyes to the greater untidiness of the tops. And everyone is happy! This is the fundamental principle of the organization of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, which should be written down directly in the Charter of this party.

The first reason that made all this possible is the deep bourgeois rebirth of the party masses, not just the upper classes. And not only the party masses, but also the working class and the entire population. This rebirth was most strongly promoted by the introduction into the consciousness of millions of CPSU members of anti-communist metastases of right-wing opportunism: market utopias, bourgeois-democratic illusions, the psychology of anti-Stalinism, the preference of the so-called “common sense” of the uncompromising scientific nature of Marxism and the like.

Right opportunism is one of the main (but not the only) reasons for the defeat of the Communist Party, socialism, the proletarian Fatherland. Naturally, the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation cannot recognize this, and therefore is forced to engage in falsification of history.

Ⅹ. Proletarians of all countries – disconnect?!

The CPRF program ends with the following enumeration: the Communist Party’s banner is red, the Communist Party’s anthem “Internationale”, the Communist Party’s symbolism is a symbol of the union of workers of the city, village, science and culture – hammer, sickle and book, the Communist Party’s motto is “Russia, work, democracy, socialism”.

This short list cleverly disguises, but at the same time accurately expresses the right-opportunist essence of the CPRF. This is the very essence of the methodology of “scholar” opportunism – the struggle against scientific communism in a communist mask.

So the banner is red. What is depicted on the banner? What will be shown? It remains unsolved.

Anthem – “Internationale.” It would seem beautiful!? But the КП Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation made literally an astounding decision: to cancel the slogan “Workers of all countries, unite!”. It turns out that the Internationale is taken as a hymn in order to “compensate” for the removal of this most important communist slogan.

Эмблема КПРФSymbols of the Communist Party. After 40 years of growing domination of opportunism, it may indeed seem logical to someone to designate all allies in the symbolism. For this, they say, it is possible to add a hammer and sickle with a book – a symbol of workers of science and culture. Apparently, now the intelligentsia has emerged as a separate class. Only in the class of oppressors, or the oppressed? And where are the military, students, pensioners? Is it not logical to add, say, a tank, a desk, a crutch? And if you consider that the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation officially as its allies also calls entrepreneurs and priests, then in the symbols of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation on a full basis should also be included purse and censer. Of course, the party leadership will not allow such a jumble in its symbolism. If something changes, it is more likely along the path of reduction. The logic of opportunism suggests the following way: remove the hammer and sickle…

Sickle Hammer was therefore a symbol of the Communist Party, because it briefly expressed the most important condition for ensuring the victory of socialism – the vanguard role of the working class in alliance with the peasantry. The symbol of the Communist Party delicately blurs this main condition. He brings to the fore the intelligentsia, which, with the exception of a rather thin layer of people devoted to the ideas of communism, is capable of fulfilling only the role of a force supporting the class in power. That is, to serve the interests of any ruling class!

Motto: “Russia, work, democracy, socialism!”. What is “Russia”? Even the capitalist suits? Even work on the world of the world, the Program blesses the Communist Party? Today the word “democracy” came into use as a scolding. Therefore, the Communist Party was forced to replace it with the equivalent word “democracy”. Democracy means the equal right to power for all. But as soon as the equal right to power is proclaimed theoretically for everyone, that is, for the oppressed and the oppressor, the robber and the robbed, the toiler and the bloodsucker rich man, so instantly the power is in the hands of the strong, in the hands of the oppressor, robber, the rich.

That is why the exploiters of all times and peoples and their lackeys so protect “democracy” and “democracy of the people” – this lie, invented back in the era of slavery. “Democracy”, “democracy” is a uniquely powerful lie, under the beautiful banners and slogans of which the greatest popular movements and legendary tyranoborts perished. That is why it is so important to expose this deception, to overthrow the millennial myth of democracy. The working class must firmly grasp that the so-called democracy is in essence and in fact nothing more than the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie and the death of social justice. To win social justice, it is necessary not only the destruction of the power of the bourgeoisie, but also of the bourgeoisie itself, which can only be accomplished by the dictatorship of the proletariat.

The founders of scientific communism warned, and the practice fully confirmed their correctness in the fact that if there is no proletarian dictatorship, then ultimately there will be no socialism. Therefore, the Communist Party’s motto, perched on the margins, after “Russia, labor, democracy”, the word “socialism” should not inspire anyone and mislead.

A unique blasphemy on the part of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is that this frail opportunist devisic expelled from the Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation the great and truly communist motto “Workers of all countries, unite!” Without the realization of this thought, socialism cannot win a final victory.

Marx and Engels considered the final victory of socialism in a particular country impossible at all. For it was believed that if this country is isolated from the rest of the world, then it will fatally lag behind in scientific, technical and economic progress. If the socialist country is not isolated, then socialism perishes in it in an unequal “cold” war with a strengthened capitalism through the penetration of bourgeois influences. The output of the classics was seen only in a more or less simultaneous world revolution. This was an absolutely correct, scientifically grounded conclusion for a certain stage of historical development, and not at all the machinations of fake communist Trotskyists, as the CPRF Program presents.

However, the operation of the law of the uneven development of capitalism, which has passed into the stage of imperialism, contributed to a social explosion and revolution in Russia. The experience of successful construction and defense of socialism in the epoch of Joseph Stalin showed the fundamental possibility not only of coexistence in the world of socialism with capitalism, but also of the victory of socialism at a large historical stage. And yet, despite convincingly demonstrated the greatest advantages of a socialist economy, the final gain in economic competition turned out to be a matter of extraordinary complexity.

After all, capitalism in the most developed countries largely builds its well-being at the expense of merciless exploitation of the colonial and underdeveloped countries. Socialism developed almost exclusively at the expense of its own efforts and moreover, in many respects being in a rather rigid blockade, it helped many nations fighting for their independence. It is clear how difficult it was to “catch up and overtake” in such unequal conditions of competition.

The growth of the national liberation struggle of the colonial and dependent countries, characteristic of the post-war decades, significantly undermined the parasitic economy of capitalist predators. Naturally, at the same time, in these parasitic countries, social conflicts are exacerbated in a similar situation, since the opportunity to extinguish them due to the gratuitous transfer of resources from exploited countries decreases. It should be borne in mind that since the national liberation movements oriented towards socialism achieve the greatest success in the struggle against imperialist oppression, the liberation struggle of peoples under the slogans of socialism and under the leadership of the communists becomes more and more characteristic of modern world practice. In this way, in such conditions, the slogan of Marx and Engels “Proletarians of all countries, unite!” as if gaining a second wind and becoming even more relevant than before. Previously, this slogan actually referred only to Europe, where there was a fairly mature working class, and aimed at accomplishing in fact only the European Socialist Revolution. Now this slogan calls for combining the efforts of all national liberation and revolutionary communist movements in the name of their growing into a single communist movement with subsequent breakthroughs of the front of capitalism and the establishment of a socialist system in an increasing number of countries. Therefore, today this slogan sounds on all continents of our country, in fact in a slightly different form: “Workers of all countries and oppressed peoples, unite!”14.

Under the conditions when there are powerful international organizations of the bourgeoisie, such as the UN, NATO, the International Monetary Fund, the European Parliament, transnational corporations and others coordinating the strangulation of national liberation and communist movements, a demonstrative rejection of the international solidarity of the proletariat is a direct betrayal of the cause of socialism. Only international proletarian solidarity can and must be opposed to the international efforts of the bourgeoisie.

This betrayal of the Communist Party is not by accident. It is especially organic for the ideology of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, for which so-called patriotism is so characteristic, with attempts to detach Russian socialism from the scientific communism of the world revolutionary process, to “justify” Russian socialism with some mysterious “Russian idea”.

Such an ideology puts all members of the Communist Party in a very dangerous position, from which there are literally two steps to national socialism with the declaration of Marxism – “anti-Russian doctrine”, communism – Jewish conspiracy, and the like.

ⅩⅠ. The bustle of the brilliant “elite”

It has long been no news that, compared to other, literally mendicating communist parties, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is a party that is very rich materially. Another distinctive external feature of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is the oversaturation of its ranks by the noble “chicks” of the CPSU, high-ranking political, economic and cultural figures in the past and individuals in prominent positions in today’s society.

The overwhelming majority of these high chiefs, charming folk artists, deep writers, cleverest scholars, seeminglytalented, educated and even highly moral, did not endure at a critical moment, did not reach Marxism, turned out small mentally and spiritually, and therefore stately and stupidly flowed the banner of right-wing opportunism, along the usual, beaten track of the CPSU.

But now and then there is a huge difference. After all, now – this is after the terrible lesson of Gorbachev, who so mercilessly explained in practice what the rejection of Marxism and capitulation to bourgeois ideology leads to. Now it is after that tremendous and painful analysis of each communist, an analysis that in all details revealed all the abominations in theory and practice that were palmed off instead of, but under the guise of Marxism, brilliant insights of various “loyal Leninists” and great victories of “humane socialism.”

But even now, this glittering big-name “elite” is adopting a program that is astounding by deviations from the most important principles of scientific communism.

All these digressions are difficult to enumerate, but the main ones are certainly the following:

  1. Waiver of the destruction of private property and the establishment of only a single national property. What does not make it possible to realize the advantages of a socialist economy on the basis of nationwide planning and lays the foundation for the constant reproduction of the bourgeoisie and the conditions of the new counter-revolution.

  2. The refusal of the unconditional priority of the class approach to the phenomena of social life. What deprives Marxism of its main qualities – scientific and revolutionary, turning it into pseudo-Marxism – a means of ideological disarmament of the working class.

  3. The rejection of the dictatorship of the proletariat under the sowing of bourgeois illusions of “democracy and democracy”, which paves the way for the establishment of the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie.

  4. The rejection of internationalism. What is a betrayal of the cause of socialism on a world scale, facilitates the replacement of socialism by various bourgeois-nationalist aspirations, up to social-chauvinism and national socialism.

This is what the fuss of the brilliant “elite” has led to! And these are only the most important moments. They are like big branches growing from a huge trunk of right opportunism. And so from these large branches there are so many medium and small, and so many poisonous fruits that ultimately form the richest arsenal of means, covering everything necessary to fight Marxism, revolution, socialism.

The program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation can be safely called an encyclopedia of right-wing opportunism.

What is the Communist Party? Whose interests does she really express? The CPRF, before it, the CP of the RSFSR and the CPSU of the last decades is the result of the deepest rebirth of a very large mass of party members, accomplished under the influence of bourgeois ideology, in whose arsenal right opportunism always occupied a particularly important place. As a result of this rebirth, the Communist Party increasingly expressed the interests of the rapidly growing Soviet bourgeoisie and that morally disintegrated part of the intelligentsia, which valued the values of the bourgeois consumer society above all.

Today’s Communist Party of the Russian Federation is a party ideally expressing the interests of domestic capital, for it solves the main vital problem for it – the problem of gently submerging the working people in capitalist slavery under the anesthesia of lulling compromising ideology.

This party challenged the most important Marxist position that only the working class can lead the struggle forsocialism and bring it to the bitter end. Trying to refute this position, the opportunists cling to the fact that “today, they say, the working class is not revolutionary.” Well, that’s right. But only today! And genuine communists distinguish temporary, transitory states from the basic and insuperable development trends. In this regard, it is worth remembering Marx’s words that it’s not so important what the working class is at the moment, like what it will inevitably be due to the economic conditions in which it is put.

No, it’s not at all thoughtless idealization, not “holy faith”, but the correct understanding of the laws of social development makes the communists in the working class see the force that will lead socialism to victory.

Marxism is a powerful weapon in the struggle for the victory of socialism. But he, unfortunately, is not enough to win. Just as Odyssey’s bow could shoot only from those who could pull it with a string, so Marxism can bring victory only to those who can not only theoretically comprehend it, but also put its principles into effect. It is beyond the power of even the most intelligent and honest intelligentsia. Only the working class can do this.

Footnotes
  1. K. Marx. Critique of the Gotha Program.– Maoism.ru.
  2. V.I. Lenin. More about the division of school affairs according to nationalities // PSS, vol. 24, p. 237. The quote is given inaccurately, in fact, the phrase ends with the words “workers of all nations.” – Maoism.ru.
  3. Quotation from the satirical poem “The Hymn of the Newest Russian Socialist” (1901) by Narcissus Tuporylova (L. Martov) on the motive of “Varshavyanka”. Lenin was popularized in his work Social Democracy and the Provisional Revolutionary Government (PSS, v. 10, p. 15 ).– Maoism.ru.
  4. Probably, the following reasoning is meant: “Argue about what bias is the main danger, bias towards Great-Russian nationalism or bias towards local nationalism? Under modern conditions, this is a formal and therefore empty argument. It would be foolish to give a ready-made recipe for the main and non-principal danger suitable for all times and conditions. There are no such recipes in general in nature. The main danger is the deviation against which they stopped fighting and which they were given, thus, to grow to the state danger” (report to the party congress on the work of the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) On January 26, 1934).– Maoism.ru.
  5. The delicate name of the national capital – B. G.
  6. Interview to Komsomolskaya Pravda 03.09.1991.
  7. Interview to the “General newspaper” No. 41/66, 1994.
  8. Day No. 7/87/1, 1993.
  9. That is, permitted by the bourgeoisie – B. G.
  10. For example, the Stalinist ecological revolution. See the newspaper of the labor movement “Arguments and counterarguments” No. 5, 1995.
  11. “Publicity” No. 32, 1993.
  12. F. Engels. Letter to V. Borgius (January 25, 1894).– Maoism.ru.
  13. “…The greatest distortion of the basic principles of Soviet power and the complete rejection of socialism is any, direct or indirect, legalization of workers’ property in a separate factory or individual profession for their particular production, or their right to weaken or inhibit orders of state power” (V. I. Lenin. The Democratism and Socialist Nature of Soviet Power // PSS, vol. 36, p. 481).– Maoism.ru.
  14. The Comintern put forward the slogan “Proletarians of all countries and oppressed peoples, unite!” The Comintern put forward in the interests of the development of the struggle against imperialism. Lenin said (at the meeting of the Moscow organization’s organization of the RCP (B.) on December 6, 1920): “Of course, from the point of view of the Communist Manifesto, this is wrong, but the Communist Manifesto was written under completely different conditions, but from the point of view of the current policy that’s right.” – Maoism.ru.